Maqam
Scale in Middle Eastern music
Adhan
Arabic call to prayer
Ajnas

–>

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building blocks of the macam and are used as ways to change from one macam to another

Dastgah
Persian mode or system of rules and expectations for composition and improvisation
gusheh
collection of traditional melodies in each dastgah
radif
full collections of gushehs in all dastgahs
centonization
a theory about the composition of a melody, melodies, or piece based on pre-existing melodic figures and formulas
Ud
a fretless pear shaped lute found in arabic music
Dhikr

A Sufi Islam ceremony about rememberance

-unison singing w/ shifting tonal center followed by mellismatic chant in free rhythm

Takht Ensemble

–>2 melodic instrumental families
Sahb— “pulling or stretching”—bowed lutes and aerophones
Naqr—plucking or hammering—plucked lutes and zithers (plucked or hammered)

Raga
Indian mode or system of rules and expectations for composition and improvisation
Hindustani
Musical style in northern india
bols
syllables in Indian music
Alap
opening section of the raga composed in free rhythm and improvised
Gat

section of the raga that has metered composition and improvisation

–> drum enters

Tala
rhythmic cycle w/ timbral accents
theka

a conventionally accepted arrangement of common bols (syllables)

–> rhythmic patterns

tintal
the most common tala in Hindustani music
kriti
hindu devotional poetry set to music
Santur
Persian hammered zither (dulcimer)
tar
persian plucked lute
Gu qin
ancient chinese zither
Jingju
Beijing opera
jinghu

small two-stringed bamboo fiddle

– main instrument in beijing opera

wenchang
(civic ensemble)—strings and winds, accompanies singing, introductions and interludes. (jinghu)
wuchang
(military ensemble)—(double-reed aerophone; suona) percussion,  rhythmic punctuation, movement, entrances, battles,
Bayin

chinese organological system

-wood,bamboo,silk,clay,skin,gourd,metal,stone

Sizhu
chinese silk and bamboo ensemble
pipa
chinese pear shaped lute
P’ansori
Korean narrative vocal performance style, featuring epic-length stories (5 of them)
koto

National Instrument of Japan

A long hollow instrument, about 6ft. Long

Zither with 13 strings strung across 13 movable bridges

 

Zither with 13 strings strung across 13 movable bridges

gagaku

A Confucian-derived ritual court ensemble from japan;

literally “elegant music”

Jo-Ha-Kyu
–> 3 part structure of traditional Japanese music (energetic contour/shape)
Jo=beginning, formless, no meter
Ha=break (establishment of meter)
Kyu=rushing (accelration of meter to completion)
Ma
soundless space
Shamisen
narrator in kabuki theatre
noh
a stage which has no props and only a painted pine tree as a backdrop
program music
music that tells a story, depicts a scene, or creates an image