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| denote the volume at which music is played |
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| decrescendo or diminuendo |
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| “forcing” and accent on a single note or chord |
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| rate of speed, or pace of the music |
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| melodic ideas, used as building blocks |
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| expanded by varying the melody rhythm or harmony |
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| strong marchlike theme that rapidly ascends to its peak |
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| no prescribed story or text to hold the music together |
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| the opening sectin of sonata-allegro form aka-statement |
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