| Fundamentals of Western Music |
|
Rhythm, meter, and tempo
Pitch and dynamics
Timbre
Melody
Harmony
Texture
Tonality and modality
Form, genre, and style |
|
| Characteristics of Plainchant |
|
Nonmetrical
Modal
Monophonic
Syllabic or melismatic declamation
Antiphon or sequence |
|
“In Paradisum”
composer? Meter? Mode? Texture? Declamation? Genre? |
|
| Anonymous, Nonmetrical, Medeval Mode, Monophonic, Syllabic, Antiphon |
|
“Columba aspexit”
Composer?
Meter?
Mode?
Texture?
Declamation?
Genre?
Form? |
|
Hildegard of Bingen (12th c.)
Nonmetrical
Medeval Mode
Monophonic
Melismatic
Sequence
Double Verse Form |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| All About Non-Church (secular) music about Chivalrous love |
|
“La douza voz”
Meter?
Mode?
Texture?
Form?
Genre? |
|
Non Metrical
Medeval Mode
Monophonic
Strophic form w/ bar form
ALBA |
|
| Strophic form with bar form is? |
|
| Same music with different text with each repeat. Bar form is aab |
|
| How was polyphony used in Medieval times? |
|
| As a way to embellish plainchant |
|
“Alleluia”
Composer?
Meter?
Mode?
Texture?
Sacred or secular?
Genre? |
|
Perotin
Nonmetrical
Medieval Mode
Polyphonic
Sacred
ORGANUM |
|
“Dame, de qui toute ma joie vient”
Composer?
Metrical?
Sacred or secular?
Genre? |
|
Machaut
Metric
Secular
Chanson |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Standardized music, thus made it more important in the church |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Original Plainchant in Bass voice with new melodies composed above it to create polyphony |
|
|
|
|
| What was the Renaissance approach to Plainchant? |
|
| The plainchant is placed in the soprano voice, and other voices end up losing independence, creating homophony. |
|
|
|
| Composer/Priest, studied in Italy. One of the first composers to be universally revered and to acquire personal wealth from compostion |
|
“Ave maris stella”
Genre?
Form?
Mode? |
|
Hymn
Strophic
* Paraphrasing*
Medieval mode |
|
|
|
Kyrie
Gloria
Credo
Sanctus
Agnus Dei |
|
| Blend of imitative counterpoint and homophony is a characteristic of what style? |
|
|
| Equal voiced melodies are a characteristic of what style? |
|
|
|
|
| Composed in High Renaissance style. Perfected the polyphonic mass. |
|
“Missa Pange Lingua”
Composer?
Genre? |
|
Josquin Desprez
Mass: Kyrie and Gloria
*Paraphrase of a plainchant hymn* |
|
|
|
| First voice enters on a motive. Staggered entrances for other voices on the SAME motive but at different pitch levels. First voice enters again on a new motive. Staggered entrances for other voices on the same new motive but at different pitch levels. Etc. |
|
|
|
| musical illustration of text |
|
| The meaning of text is very important in what style? |
|
|
|
|
|
Giovanni Palestrina
Why is he important? |
|
| Saved music, hence known as the Prince of Music. Religious music. |
|
|
|
| Composer of english madricals |
|
|
|
|
| Baroque music, classified by extravagant style combined with rigid formal control, led to the rise of which two types of music? |
|
| Opera and instrumental music. |
|
|
|
| Organist at St. mark’s Basilica. Used Polychoral technique (Different choirs in different parts of the church) |
|
“O magnum mysterium”
What’s different about this?
Who is the composer? |
|
2 choirs in different lofts
Gabrieli |
|
Musical Style of the Early Baroque:
Rhythm and Meter?
Form?
Tonality? |
|
Clear and definite
ground bass form
Major and Minor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Declaim words musically in a heightened, theatrical manner |
|
|
|
| Extended piece for solo singer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Wrote only great English opera before the 20th century |
|
| The three sources of Instrumental Music |
|
| Dance, Virtuosic improvisation, and vocal music |
|
|
|
| Virtuoso organ player for St Peter’s. Big influence on Bach |
|
| Balletto and Corrente are? |
|
|
| Concerto- What are the three movements? |
|
1 Fast, Bright
2 Slow, emotional
3 Even faster |
|
|
|
|
| vivaldi’s volin concerto, mvm. III is what form? |
|
|
| JS Bach’s birth and death year |
|
|
| Brandenburg Concerto year? |
|
|
|
|
| Orchestra contrasts with small group of soloists |
|
|
|
| Polyphonic composition for a fixed number of voices built on a single principle theme |
|
The Well-Tempered Clavier
Years? |
|
|
|
|
| triple meter dance, moderate tempo |
|
|
|
| compound meter dance, fast |
|
|
|
|
| Jean-Phillipe Rameau was famous for? |
|
| Treatise on Harmony. Also an opera composer |
|