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- “Father of the Symphony”
- Wrote at least 104 symphonies.
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Franz Joseph Haydn
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- Affectionately known as “Papa Haydn”
- Kapplemeister for the Esterhazy family for over 30 years.
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- Late in life was musically very successful in London
- Dear friend of Mozart
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- Perhaps the greatest musical genius who ever lived
- Began as a child prodigy
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- Wrote prolifically:
- 41 symphonies
- many operas
- string quartets
- concertos and piano sonatas
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- Died at age 35 while attempting to complete his Requiem
- His musical manuscripts were flawless
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- First musician to make a career solely from composing, because after age 30 he became progressively deaf.
- Studied with Haydn
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- Wrote 9 symphonies, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos and much more, but only one opera, Fidelio.
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- Changed the public perception of an artist from craftsman to inspired genius.
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Exposition of Sonata Form
(Essential Parts)
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- Theme 1 in tonic key, Bridge, Theme 2 in contrasting key, Closing Theme
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Development of Sonata Form
(Essential Parts)
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- Themes and motives broken up, recombined and modulated
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Recapitulation of Sonata Form
(Essential Parts)
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- Restatement of Exposition in tonic key, usually with some expansion
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Slow Introduction of Sonata Form
(Optional Parts)
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Coda of Sonata Form
(Optional Part)
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- (Tail)
- Completes the movement
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Who composed
Symphony #94 – “Surprise” ?
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Who composed
The Creation?
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Who composed
The Lord Nelson Mass?
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Who composed
Eine kleine Nachtmusik ?
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Who composed
Symphony #40
in G minor ?
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Who composed
THe Marriage of Figaro ?
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Who composed
Don Giovanni ?
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Who composed
The Magic Flute ?
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Who composed
Symphony #3
(“Eroica “)?
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Who composed
Symphony #5 in C minor?
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Who composed
Symphony #9
(“Choral “)?
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Who composed
Moonlight Sonata ?
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| A popular artistic style of pre-revolutionary France, lasted well into the classical period. Emphasized elegance, delicacy, softness, and playfulness but retained much of the ornamentation of the baroque. |
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a role where a woman is dressed in men’s clothing. In Marriage of Figaro, Cherubino is this.
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a musical idea that serves as a starting point for development of a composition or section of a composition
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a short melodic or rhythmic theme that reappears frequently throughout a work or section of a work as a unifying device
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“Detatched.” Indicating a style of performance in which each note is played in a short, crisp manner.
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an instrumental work consisting of three or four contrasting movements
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a form based on a single theme and its subsequent repetition, with each new statement varied in some way from the original.
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A slow, stately ballroom dance for two in triple time
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literally, “joke.” A sprightly, humorous instrumental piece, swift in tempo; developed by Beethoven to replace the minuet
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an extended alternating form often employed in the forth movement of classical symphonies; generally spirited and playful in character
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a king or a duke hiring a musician to work for his court
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a chamber ensemble consisting of a first and second violin, a viola, and a cello; also, the form which is a sonata for these instruments
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a work for one or more solo instruments and orchestra
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a section of music, usually in a concerto, played in an improvisatory style by a solo performer without orchestral accompaniment
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music written for a small group of instruments, with one player to a part
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the arrangement of a musical composition for performance by an orchestra.
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a person who directs a musical ensemble and who is responsible for all aspects of the perfomance of the ensemble
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a mass honoring the deceased, is usually sung on the day of burial, the following anniversaries, and on the third, seventh and 30th days following interment
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Minuet and Trio
or
Scherzo and Trio
Form
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Musical Characteristics of Classical Style
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- Balance and Symmetry valued
- Homophonic texture
- Musical form clearly defined
- Orchestras of primarily strings, winds, horn, and timpani
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Musical Characteristics of Classical Style
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- Conductors assume leadership of orchestras
- Piano gains prominence
- Short phrases
- Key relationships emphasized
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Musical Characteristics of Classical Style
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- Gradual changes in dynamics
- Use of staccato adds bouyancy
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