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| symbolist painter, mahler, 4th symphony, symbloism |
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Songs on the Death of Children
Song cycle
Mahler |
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The song of the earth
Symphony
Mahler |
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| operatic parallel to realism in literature
operas present everyday ppl
Cavalleria Rusticana (rustic chivalry) – Pietro Mascagni
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The Clowns – by Ruggero Lioncavallo |
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Cavalleria Rusticana (rustic chivalry)
opera
Verismo |
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| Mahler, 4th symphony, symbolism |
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Pietro Mascagni
opera
verismo |
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| – (the boy’s magic horn) melodies from 12 songs are used in 2-4 symp. |
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I Pagliacci (the clowns)
verismo |
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Ruggero Leoncavallo
Verismo |
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Italian
opera =
La boheme
Tosca
Madama Butterfly
Turandot
Manon Lescaut
merged numbers opera with endless melody opera |
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opera
puccini
3rd opera
catapulted him into fame |
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opera
puccini
rapid movement of tonal center
conservative music for its era |
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| Created a recording system for John Philip Sousa’s band. |
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Made a recording system that used a flat disc. Could be used to make any number of duplicates.
Emrico Caruso. |
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| Tenor. First to become a super star by recordings, made by Emile berliner. |
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symbolist poet
claude debussy
nuages
symbolism |
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poet
Ravel
Histoires Naturelles
-3 symbolist poems |
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symbolist poet
wrote the book of 15 poems “the hanging gardens”
symbolism and modernism
Schoenberg
Tell me on which path
song cycle 5th song |
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Impressionist painter
French
Debussy
Nuages
Impressionism |
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Impressionist painter
Debussy
Nuages
Impressionism |
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Cubist painter
Stravinsky
cubism |
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Vernacular Music
popular or folk music
American
-Little Johnny Jones
-Give My Regards to Broadway
-The Yankee Doodle Boy |
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Vernacular music
George M. Cohan |
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Austrian
operetta
the merry widow
vernacular music |
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American
vernacular music
operetta
babes in toyland
Naughty Marietta |
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English
Band Music
Suite No.1 E-flat Major
Suite No.2 Fmajor
Planets |
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| Suite No. 2 for military band |
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Australian
Lincolnshire Posy
Irish Tune from County Derry
Band Music |
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English
Folk/pop/vernacular music
-English Folk song suite
-Toccata Mariale |
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Ralph Vaughan Williams
Band music |
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Band leader
african-american bands |
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Introduced new rhythms to broadway
African-American
Ragtime
-Clorindy
-The origin Cakewalk
-In Dahomey |
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African-American
pianist
son of a former slave
-Maple Leaf Rag
-Treemonisha |
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| Original Dixieland Jazz Band |
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White Jazz Band
recordings of Jazz
Jazz |
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| Jazz pianist
Ragtime
Recorded Scott Joplin
Maple Leaf Rag |
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Writer
Salome based off his play Salome
Strauss
Opera
Late Romanticism |
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Play write
Strauss
Electra
opera |
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| Composer
Claude Debussy
Impressionism |
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| French
-pelleas et melisande
-prelude to “the afternoon of a Faun”
-Nocturns
-Le mer
-Images
-Jeux |
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| focuses on the senses and on the present moment. Opening new possibilities of sensuality that had strong parallel in art and music
-ravel |
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Term derived from art:
used for music that evokes moods and visual imagery through colorful harmony and instrumental timbre
Debussy |
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| Prelude to “The Afternoon of a Faun” |
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The Joyous Isle
piano piece
Debussy |
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A scale that alternates half and whole steps
Claude Debussy
Nuages Nocturnes |
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A scale consisting of only whole steps
Debussy
L’isle joyeuse |
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Librettist
Debussy
Pelleas et Melisande |
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| French
Fountains
Balario
miroir
Fountians |
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Issac Albeniz
piano pieces |
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Spanish
composer
-Goyescas |
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Enrique Granados
piano piece |
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opera la vida breve ((life is short)
Spanish |
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| Master Pedro’s Puppet Show |
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Manuel de Falla
Based on Don Quixote
popular music |
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| Harpsichord Concerto (de Falla) |
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Manuel de Falla
Concerto for harpsichord |
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Polish
Harpsichordist
Manuel de Falla’s
wrote El retablo de maese Pedro (Master Peter’s Puppet Show) |
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English
Folk songs writer |
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Ralph Vaughan Williams
Folk Music |
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| Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis |
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Ralph Vaughan Williams
english hymn |
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Czech
folk music composer
-jenufa (opera)
-Katya Kabanova
-The Cunning Little Vixen
-The Makropulos Affair
-From the House of the Dead
-Sinfonietta |
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| From the House of the Dead |
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Leos Janacek
orchestra piece |
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| text used in Sibelius’ orchestral works. |
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repeatedly cycling through a series of thematic elements that are varied each time
Sibelius |
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| goal directed process of generating a theme from motivic fragments
-sometimes over an entire mvt. or symphony |
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| Russian
-The Isle of the Dead
-The Bells
-Rhapsody on a Theme by Paganini |
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symphonic poem
Sergei Rachmaninov |
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symphony
Sergei Rachmaninov |
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| Rhapsody on a Theme by Paganini |
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Sergei Rachmaninov
piano concerto |
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Alexander Scriabin
orchestral work |
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Alexander Scriabin
orchestral work |
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Alexander Scriabin
1 mvt. tone poem for piano |
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| embraces all ways composers found to find pitch
atonality to neotonality
Alexander Scriabin |
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a mvt. that directly challenges french tradition of music
Erik Satie |
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avant-garde
french
-Gymnopedies
-Three Pieces in the Form of a Pear
-Embryon desseches
-Parade
-Relache
-Socrate |
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| Three Pieces in the Form of a Pear |
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Erik Satie
ballet with film |
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Erik Satie
symphonic drama
for soloist and chamber orchestra
text plato |
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Played during intermissions of play as background music
Erik Satie |
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Futurist painter
Italian
Erik Satie |
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| Luigi Russolo
New kind of music based on noise
Divided noises in 6 families
developed new instruments |
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| new noises in music
Luigi russolo |
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| Symphonic poem, or a similar work for a medium other than orchestra (most of strauss’s tone poems written before 1900 |
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| a musical commentary on Nietzsche’s long prose-poem, which proclaimed that the Christian ethnic should be replaced by the ideal of a superman who is above good and evil.
Strauss |
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| wrote the picaresque novel that Don Quixote was based on
Strauss |
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| Death and Transfiguration |
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| (Tod und Verklarung) was inspired by Strauss’s recovery from a life threatening illness |
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| Ein Heldenleben (a hero’s life) |
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| openly auto-biographical, tone poem, glorifies early works Strauss |
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| German, Symphonies = 9 symphonies, and 10th unfinished symphony, song cycle (lieder eins fahrenden gesellen = Songs of a wayfarer) |
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| song cycle , Mahler, appears in the first and third movement of his 1st symp. |
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| (the boy’s magic horn) melodies from 12 songs are used in 2-4 symp. Mahler |
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| Mahler, 4th symphony, symbolism |
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| German, Symphonies = 9 symphonies, and 10th unfinished symphony, song cycle (lieder eins fahrenden gesellen = Songs of a wayfarer) |
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| song cycle , Mahler, appears in the first and third movement of his 1st symp. |
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| (the boy’s magic horn) melodies from 12 songs are used in 2-4 symp. Mahler |
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| Mahler, 4th symphony, symbolism |
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Austrian
Verklarte Nacht (transfigured night)
Gurrelieder (Songs of the Gurre) |
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Arnold Schoenberg
Tone Poem |
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Arnold Schoenberg
SQ No.1 in d minor opus 7
The process of deriving new themes initial idea, and creating variations throughout the piece |
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Arnold Schoenberg
monodrama (one character opera)
Expressionism |
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Arnold Schoenberg
song cycle
(21 songs) |
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Arnold Schoenberg
orchestral pieces |
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Arnold Schoenberg
The Book of the Hanging Gardens
avoids establishing a tonal center |
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| The Book of the Hanging Gardens |
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Arnold Schoenberg
three piano pieces |
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Arnold Schoenberg
The Book of the Hanging Gardens
a collection of pitch classes that preserves its identity when transposed,inverted or recorded. And used melodically or harmonically |
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The appearance of all twelve pitch classes within a segment of music
Arnold Schoenberg |
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Arnold Schoenberg
Erwartung
uses exaggerated, angler melodies, unrelenting dissonance to convey tortured emotions of the protag. |
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Symbolist poet
Arnold Schoenberg
Pierrot lunaire |
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Speaking voice approximating the written pitches in the gliding tones of speech while following the notated rhythm exactly
Arnold Schoenberg
Pierrot lunaire |
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expressionist painter
Arnold Schoenberg
Erwartung |
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Arnold Schoenberg
method of composing with 12 tones that are only related to each other |
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The bases of the 12-tone method
an ordering of all 12 pitch classes that is used to generate the musical content
Arnold Schoenberg
piano suite op.25 |
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original form of a row
Arnold Schoenberg
piano suite op.25 |
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| reveresing the upward or downwar direcctoin of each interval while maintaining its size or the new the new melody or row form that results |
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backwards statement of a previously heard melody, passage or 12-tone row
Arnold Schoenberg |
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Arnold Schoenberg
the upside-down and backwards statement of a melody or 12-tone row |
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a scale of 4 notes spanning a perfect 4th
Arnold Schoenberg
Piano Suite op.25 |
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a set of 6 pitches
in 12-tone theory
: the 1st 6 or last 5 in a row
Arnold Schoenberg
Piano Suite op.25 |
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Austrian
Arnold Schoenberg’s student
Wozzeck |
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Alban Berg
expressionist opera |
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librettist
Alban Berg
expressionist opera
Wozzeck |
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Alban Berg
Opera
(not completed because he died) |
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Austrian
Comp. under Schoenberg
Musicologist
Six Bagatelles for string quartet, op. 9
Symphony, op. 21 |
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| Six Bagatelles for string quartet, op. 9 |
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Anton Webern
string quartet |
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Anton Webern
symphony
12-tone |
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changes of tone are perceived as parallel to changing pitches in a melody
Symphony, op. 21
1st mvt.
Anton Webern |
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Russian
Stravinsky
Impresario for Ballet Russe (Russian ballet director) |
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Russian Ballet
-based in france
Stravinsky
Diaghilev |
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(the soldier’s tale)
Stravinsky
Small orchestra Stage Work |
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Stravinsky
neoclassical works |
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| Symphony in Three Movements |
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Ballet Choreographer
Stravinsky
Later founded New York Ballet |
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Stravinsky
American Style
concerto |
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Stravinsky’s assistant
12-tone method |
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Trend in music from the 1910s to the 1950s in which compsosers vrevived, imitated or evoked the styles, genres and forms of pre-romantic music, especially those of the eighteenth century
Stravinsky |
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| kindertotenlieder
song
solo voice
oboe solo
strophic -versus the same
horn solo |
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sigmund freud –> dream
jingle bells
-ballet motive
-concerted motives |
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soprano
they call meme
upward voice throws
violin sings with voice |
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-pentatonic
-soprano/baritone
-japenese folk motive
-micato
-sakura |
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Holst
Band Music
Mvt. 1
melodic brass
Sectional
Mvt. 2
pirate music
Mvt. 3
bass clarinet
bum bum |
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| Modernist poet ” the waste land” |
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| novelist “Ulysses” strem-of-consciousness |
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| novelist “Remembrance of Things Past” |
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| play write political (kurt weill) |
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| surrealist painter; explored dream-like world |
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| surrealist painter ; explored dream-like world |
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| Architect; explored functionality, less decorated |
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| Architect; explored functionality, less decorated |
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| novelist “Grapes of Wrath” |
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| Artist German: simple,direct,modern style |
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| artist, Mexico: simple,direct,modern style |
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| American Artist: simple,direct,modern style |
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| Singer, intimate singing style furthered by recording adances |
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| Singer, intimate singing style furthered by recording adances |
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| Band leader, hosted radio shows w/ band |
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| composer, american? “The student Prince” |
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| opperetta, Sigmund Romberg |
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| cheif ragtime composer “Alexander’s Ragtime band” |
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| “Alexander’s Ragtime Band” |
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