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Bow is used in usual way
Strings aren’t plucked |
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The same speed
Beat remains the same when meter changes or…
Return to the previous speed of the music |
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Marked
With accentuation
Play every note as if it were to be accented |
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| Less (meno mosso = less movement) |
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Literally “half”
(Mezzo forte = half loud
Mezzo piano = half soft) |
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| Gradually dying away in dynamics and possibly tempo |
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Very much
(Examples: allegro molto, molto vivace, molto piano) |
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“More”
(Examples: piu forte = louder, piu lento = slower) |
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Literally “stolen”
Allows a player a measure of freedom in performance, especially with tempo |
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“Without”
Found in performance directions such as “senza sordino” = without mute |
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| A mute, or a damper in the case of the piano |
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| Dramatic lowering of the vocal or instrumental volume |
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| Gradually getting faster with a pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo (literally, tightening or narrowing) |
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“All”
Used to distinguish the part of a solo instrument from that of the rest of the section or orchestra |
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