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Bow is used in usual way Strings aren’t plucked |
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The same speed Beat remains the same when meter changes or… Return to the previous speed of the music |
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Marked With accentuation Play every note as if it were to be accented |
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Less (meno mosso = less movement) |
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Literally “half” (Mezzo forte = half loud Mezzo piano = half soft) |
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Gradually dying away in dynamics and possibly tempo |
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Very much (Examples: allegro molto, molto vivace, molto piano) |
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“More” (Examples: piu forte = louder, piu lento = slower) |
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Literally “stolen” Allows a player a measure of freedom in performance, especially with tempo |
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“Without” Found in performance directions such as “senza sordino” = without mute |
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A mute, or a damper in the case of the piano |
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Dramatic lowering of the vocal or instrumental volume |
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Gradually getting faster with a pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo (literally, tightening or narrowing) |
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“All” Used to distinguish the part of a solo instrument from that of the rest of the section or orchestra |
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