use of harmony; parallel thirds; paired thirds; distinctive dance rhythms; rhythm guitar
characteristics of latin american music
carnaval
famous brazilian type of band; performers are on their feet, moving ot the hyponotic, energetic beat
syncretism
the fusion of cultures that takes place when different ethnic groups meet
criollos
name for the urban dwellers in latin america
mestizos
name for the mixed race in Latin America
coplas
paired lines with pauses in between the lines; first line ends with an unsettled feeling, which the second line resolves
samba
brazilian dance song with strong national tie; simple duple syncopated dance now known in many rurual, urban, and ballroom types
rumba
cuban dance type with strong national ties; highly suncopated simple duple rural dance, later known in a ballroom version
tango
argentinian dance style; slow urban couple dance with pronounced downbeats
habanera
Afro-Cuban version of the European contradance; made famous in Bizet’s Carmen
sesquialtera
form of music when two meters are plaed simultaneously, creating polyrhythm; characteristic of the Colombian bambuco, the Cuban cueca, the Argentinian gato and malambo, and the Mexican jarabe
triad
three-note chords
harmonic progression
particular successions of chords
pre-colombian
means before columbus
son
mexican word for song
coplas
pairs of lines used in mexican lyrics; each line usually corresponds to a musical phrase of regular length with a pause between each line during which the instruments fill in
conjunto
generic term for folk band in mexico, has become mostly associated with popular bands of northern mexico and the southwest united states
mariachi
form of mexican folk band that originated in the ranches around guadalajara; wear traditional charro costumes; can now be found on mexico city street corners and everywhere else
guitarron
large mexican bass guitar used in mariachi bands
jarocho
mexican folk band from the veracruz region; known for its fast lively dances and songs such as the famous la bamba
fandango
large celebrations where Son jarocho could be played; today more likely to be a festival of invited musical groups
zapateados
stamping, boot-tapping dances that go on until dawn; part of the fandango
jarana
five-course guitar slightly smaller than the Spanish guitar; one of the core instruments of a jarocho ensemble
requnito
small guitar; one of the core instruments of a jarocho ensemble
arpa
diatonically tuned harp; core instrument to the jarocho ensemble
conjunto nortena
popular mexican dance that moved from the salon to the popular bands of the region; very popular within mexican immigrant communities
bajo sexto
mexican bass guitar with six double courses tuned an octave lower than a traditonal spanish guitar
samba school
groups that parade through the streets during lenten abstinence; compete for the recognition of judges, street revelers, and millions who watch the spectacle on television
bateria
name for a samba band with a hundred or more percussionists
capoiera
brazillian stylized martial art dance
berimbau
brazillian musical bow tapped with a stick and equipped with a half-gourd resonator placed against the chest
atabaque
tall brazillian drum that joins the accompaniment to a capoiera
agogo
brazillian double iron bell that cna be used to accompany the capioera
choros
band of brazillian street musician; play versions of popular dances
samba cancao
brazillian samba songs that are more relaxed and refined verson of the samba dance
samba de morro
“dark” samba of the poor African-American neighborhoods
blocos afro
music clubs in Brazil that reintroduced African elements into their bands as a way to reestablish African traditions and an ethnic identity
Musica popular brasileira or MPB
type of music of the Brazilian popular songwriters
bossa nova
term coined by Antonio Carlos Jobim and Joao Gilberto; means “new skill or knack”
siku
andean band panpipe
kena
andean notch flute ; found in villages
bomba
andean villager drum that accompanies the kena
charango
small andean guitar popular in many regions
huayno
lively duple meter dance with a characteristic long-short-short rhythm, often plaed on a bomba
chicha
style of combining the colombian cumbia, cuban percussion, nad north american rock with the local huayno
cajon
an open wooden box that a drummer sits on and plays with his or her hands