Instruments used in classical orchestra

Woodwinds: Flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon

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Strings: Violin, viola, cello, double bass

Brass: Trumet and french horn

Percussion: Timpani 

Parts of sonata form 

1. Exposition

2. The development

3. Recapitulation 

Motive  
Short musical ideas developed within a composition

Movements of a symphony  

 

1. a vigorous, dramatic fast movement

2. a lyrical slow movement

3. A dance like movement

4. A brilliant or heroic fast movement

 

classical concerto
extended composition for instrumental soloist adn orchestra-three movements
cadenza
unaccompanied section of virtuoso displayed for the soloist in a concerto, usually appearing near the end of the first movement and sometimes in the last.
chamber music
music using a small group of musicians, with one player per part
what could mozart do at 6
      
at six, mozart could play the harpsichord, violin, improvise fugues, write minuets and read music perfectly at first sight.
who bridged classical and romantic era  
beethoven
fidelio
beethoven’s only opera
program music;;
instrumental music associated ith a story, poem, idea, or scene.
size of romantic orchestra
~100 musicians
Rubato
slight holding back or pressing formward of tempo to intensify the expression of the music
Thematic transformation
Alternation of the character of a theme by means of changes in dynamic, orchestrations, or rhthym, when it returns in a later movement or section
art song
setting of a poem for solo voice and piano, translating the poem’s mood and imaginary into music
lied
song set to a german text
strophic song
way of structureing a piece of music based on the repetition of one formal section or block played repeatedly
through-composed  
music which is relatively continuous, non-sectional, and non-repetitive. Vocal form in which there is new music for each stanza
incidental music
music intended to be performed before ad during a play, setting the mood for the drama
symphonic poem
one movement orchestral composition based to some extent on literary or pictoral ideas
idee fixe
single melody used in several movements of a long work to represent a recurring idea
father of string quartet  
haydn
father of russian music
tchaikovsky
neoclassicalism
movement in art, architecture, and design in Europe and north america characterized by a revival of clasical greek and roman styles
Atonality
absence of tonality or key
bitonality
approach to pitch organization using two keys at the same time
primitivism
evocation of primitive power though insistent rythms and percussive sounds
minimalism
music characterizede by a steady pulse, clear tonality, adn insistent repetition of short melodic patterns
raga
refers to melodic melodies used in indian classical music.
Tala
a rythmical pattern that determines the rythmical structure of a composition in indian music.
heterophonic texture
one melody, but different variations of it are being sung or played at the same time.
sitar  
indian classical stringed intrument
tabla
north indian drum set consisting of the dragga and the tabal.
types of drums (2)

pressure drum

talking drum 

smetana
founder of czech national music
grieg
norwigian composer
mussorgsky
russia
berloiz
france
impressionism  
musical style that stressed color, atmosphere, and fluidity, typical of debussy