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| singing without instrumental accompaniment |
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| accelerating; gradually increasing the tempo |
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| ad libitum (commonly written: ad lib) |
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at liberty; i.e., the speed and manner of execution are left to the performer (improvised
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| broadening, becoming a little slower each time |
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| a little lively, moderately fast |
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| at a walking pace; i.e., at a moderate tempo |
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| with the bow (string instruments) |
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| return to original tempo (after a rit, rall, accel etc). |
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| ‘tail’ – concluding part of a piece |
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| with the wood – using the wood part of the bow on a string instrument |
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| with mute (con = with), (sordino = mute) |
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| decresendo (decresc.) or dim (diminuendo) |
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| divided; i.e., in a part in which several musicians normally play exactly the same notes they are instead to split the playing of the written simultaneous notes among themselves. |
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| smooth slide between notes |
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| A musical texture with one voice (or melody line) accompanied by chords. Ie melody + accompaniment |
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| singing one syllable over several notes/pitches. |
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| musical texture – melody/one line only no chords or accompaniment |
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| broadening of tempo (slowing) |
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| ritardando, ritard., rit. |
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| slowing down; decelerating. |
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| suddenly slower, held back |
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| playfully (a musical joke) |
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| musical texture: several different melodies or lines, all occuring at once and are of equal importance. |
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| wavering of pitch/dynamics to colour sound (used with strings, woodwinds, voice etc) |
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