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| Summer Solstice, christian and pre-christian associations, John the Baptist and bathing |
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| vernal equinox, pre-christian celebration of the return of the sun, takes place the week before lent, eat bliny and hold bonfires |
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| Northern Region aesthetics |
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| wide vocal range, high voice octave above melody |
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| South-West characteristic |
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| whoop in falsetto at the end of a line |
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| 1. Koliady, sung at sviatki 2. Maslenitsa songs 3. invocation songs 4. vesnyanka, 5. Khorovody in spring 6. Semitsa |
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| 1000 line unaccompanied with improvised melody, sung around lent |
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| 3 text sources for bylina |
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| 1. historical events 2. human themes 3. fairy tales and mythology |
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| 3 bylina performance types |
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1. rhapsodic singing alternated w/ recitation
2. ensemble in heterophony
3. ensemble in polyphony |
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| dance tune accompanied by instrumental ostinato |
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| fipple flute with 5-6 holes |
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| single reed with 3-6 holes |
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| plucked 3 stringed lute, many different sizes |
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| round bodied plucked lute |
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| diatonic button accordian |
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| fully-chromatic button accordian |
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