*art song*

for voice and piano

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poetry is often of love or nature

strophic or through composed

collections are called Song Cycle

Example:

the Erlkonig

Schubert

*Bayreuth*

town in Germany where Wagner built his opera house.

the town hosts a yearly Wagner festival each summer called "Bayreuth"

*program music*

instrumental music with a program, story, idea, poem, or scene attached

Example:

Symphonie fantastique (Fantastic Symphony)

4th movement: "March to the Scafford"

*symphonic poem*

one movement piece of program music

"invented" by Liszt

 Example:

The Moldau

Smetana

*Veresmo*

"realism" everyday characters and situations

Example

La Boheme

Puccini

Leitmotif
musical theme associated with a person, object or emotion.

Lied

plural = Lieder

 

German art song
nocturn
a light piece; ment to bring peace and serenity found in night.

strophic

 

 

through composed

several verses of text to one set of music; like a hymn

 

 

new music for every verse

Brahms

German; friend of Schumann

played piano at tavern

edited Baroque and Classical manuscripts

"Shadow of Beethoven"

Not happy with his own music

master of theme and virations

died from cancer at 64

Berlioz

French

family wanted him to be a doctor

studied at the Paris Conservatory

he was fascinate with Shakespeare and fell in love with a Shapespearian actress, Harriet Smithson; they eventually wed

Chopin

polish mother, french father and very shy

liked smaller setting thing b/c of shyness

atteneded the Warsaw Conservatory; child prodigy

38ish died from TB; was small man

pieces use damper pedal and rubato

love interest-George Sand(pin name of a woman)

Liszt

 

Hungarian showman

practied 8-12 hours a day; toured Europe as pianist and conductor

fimiliar with Paganni’s violin pieces and transcribed them

found new ways to exploit the piano

thematic transformation ;invented; symphonic poem

;

Mendelssohn

came from wealthy German family

fine pianist at 9 composing at 13

was a Bach revivalist; conducted on of the first performances of Bach’s St Matthew’s Passion since his death

died at 38 had several strokes?

wife and 4 kids

;

Puccini

succeded Verdi for Opera

Mulan Conservatory

verismo and exoticism

La Boheme – verismo

Madame Butterfuly, Japanese, adn Turnadot, Chinese – exotic

Schubert

Born in Vienna; master of the German Lied

;When I finish one if begin on the next one;

Schubertiads – little parties he threw to showcase his music

died at 31
;Shadow of Beethoven;

Schumann

autobiographical; father was a book seller

Founded the New Journal of Music

virtouso pianist; injured his finger with strengthening device he invented

;Don’t worry I can compose without my finger"

Married Clara Wieck

went mad and tried to kill himself but failed; he was put in a mental institution and died there

Brahms helped Clara with the kids after his death

Smetana

Czech nationalist-founder

The Moldau is 1/6 of a Symphonic cycle about his homeland

Tchaikovsky

Nutcracker and 1812 Overture

most famous Russian composer

St. Petersburg Conservatory

Madame von Meck – Patron

1891 conducted one of the inaugural concerts of Carnegie Hall

famous for ballets:

Nutcracker, Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty

Verdi

Italian Opera composer

Voice was main focus

Italian Nationalist

when wife died he didn’t want to compose any more

used some Shakespeare

Wagner

German opera composer

self-taught; was rebel-drank, gambled, lots of debts

wrote music and libretto

married Liszt’s daughter, who was already married