impressionism
Musical style which stresses tone color, atmosphere, and fluidity
neoclassicism
Musical style marked by emtional restraint, balance, adn clarity, inspired by the forms and stylistic features of 18th century music
Privitivism
Evocation of primitive power through insistent rhythms and percussive sounds
Expressionism
Musical style stressing intense, subjective emotion and harsh dissonance
Serialism
Method of composing that uses an ordered group of musical elements to organize rhythm, dynamics, and tone color, as well as pitch
polychord
Combination of two chords sounded at the same time
tone cluster
Chord made up of tomes only a half step or a whole step apart
polyrhythm
Use of to or more contrasting and independent rhythms at the same time
atonality
absense of tonaliy, or key, characteristic of much music of the twentieth and early twenty-first century
polytonality
Approach to pitch organization using two or more keys at one time
ragtime
Style of composed piano music, generally in duple meter with a ,moderate march tempo, in which the pianist’s right hand plays a highly syncopated melody while the left hand maintains the beat with an “oom-pah” accompaniment. This was developed primarily by African American pianists and flourised from the 1890s to about 1915.
blues
Term reffering to both a style of performance and to a form; an early source of jazz, characteried by flattened or “blue” notes in the scale; vocal blues consist of 3-line stanzas in the form a a’ b.
Dixieland
Jazz style in which the front line, or melodic instruments, improvize several contrasting melodic lines at once, supported by a rhythm section that clearly marks the beat and provides a background of chords; usually based on a march or church melody, a ragtime piece, a popular song, or 12-bar blues.
Scat singing
Vocalization of a melodic line with nonsense syllables, used in jazz
swing
Jazz style that was developed in the 1920s and flourished in the between 1935-1945, played mainly by “big-bands”. Also, verb for what jazz performers do so when they combine a steady beat and precision with a lilt, a sense of relazation, and vitality.
bebop
Complex jazz style. usually for small groups, developed in the 1940s and meant for attentice listening rather than dancing.
aerophone
Any instrument- such as flute or trumpet- whose sound is generated by a vibrating column of air.
chordophone
Instrument- such as a harp or lute- whose sound is generated by a stretched string
idiophone
Instrument- such as bells, a gong, a scraper, a rattle, or a xylophone- whose sound is fenerated by the instrument’s on material (no tenstion is applied)
membranophone
Instrument- basically a drum- whose sound is generated by a stretched skin or another membrane.