major and minor scales
7 pitches drawn from 12 semitones
chromatic scale

octave divided into 12 semitones (half steps)

 

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C D E F G A B C

diatonic

clearly uses the 7 tones of a scale

 

7 whole and half steps that make major and minor scales

flat
half step below a note
sharp
half step above a note
pentatonic

five note scale

 

African, Asian, Native American

tritonic

three note scale

 

African

heptatonic
seven note scale
microtonal scale
based on intervals smaller than half steps
inflection
making a brief microtonal dip or rise from original pitch
tonic triad/chord

first note of scale

 

rest

 

home base

 

I

transposition
shifting all the tones of a piece to a new pitch level
modulation
process of changing from one key to another
major mode/scale

w-w-h-w-w-w-h

 

most familiar 

 

only white keys

minor mode/chord

w-h-w-w-h-w-w

 

has lowered third degree

dominant triad

built on 5th scale stop

 

most active triad

 

seeks to restore to tonic; restless 

 

(sol) (v)

subdominant triad

built on 4th scale stop

 

active triad

 

seeks to resolve to tonic

 

(fa) (IV)

chromatic
tones do not belong to the key
mode
pattern of whole and halfsteps
scales

sequence of pitches

 

major

 

most familiar