Claude Debussy
Impressionist composer, sourced musi from all around the world. Very unique and impacting

-Prelude to the afternoon of a faune
-Nocturnes
-Pelleas et melisande

Impressionism
panting
typically evokes a mood, feeling, atmosphere, or scene
Symbolism
Poetry
Maurice Ravel
Impressionist composer, creation, craftsman.

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-Daphnis et chloe
-le tombeau de couperin
-bolero

Name three Spanish nationalist composers
Isaac albeniz
Enrique Granados
Manuel de falla
Name two English nationalist composers
Ralph Vaughn Williams
Gustav Holst
Name a czech nationalist
Leos Janacek
Finnish nationalist
Jean Sibelius
Three Russian Nationalist composers
Sergei Rachmaninov
Alexander Scriabin
Erik Satie
Post Tonal Music
Encompassed all the new ways that composers organized pitch, from atonality to neo-tonality.
Avant-garde
A term used to describe the composers and music who explored new areas in music never before thoroughly explored or seriously considered.
Futurism
The rejection of accepted instruments and established pitches. Replaced with machine noise.
Modernism
Not concerned about impressing the listener on first hearing, but rather sought to challenge our perceptions and capacities, providing an experience that would be impossible through traditional means.
Atonality
Developed by Arnold Schoenberg, a term for music that avoids establishing a tonal center.
Set, Pitch-class set
To treat the notes of a motive containing three or more pitches just as we might a triad or other tonal chord, as a collection of pitches that could be transposed, inverted, arranged, etc.
Expressionism
Exaggerated gestures, angular melodies, and unrelenting dissonance to convey emotions.
Sprechstimme
“speaking voice” Approximating the written pitches in the gliding tones of speech, while following the rhythm exactly.
Second Viannese School
ArnoldSchoenberg
Alban Berg
Anton Webern
Wozzeck
The outstanding example of expressionist opera.
Klangfarbenmelodie
(tone color melody) in which changes of tone color are perceived as parallel to changing pitches in a melody.
Primitivism
A deliberate representation of the elemental
Neoclassicism
Revived and imitated pre-romantic music
Newtonality
Finding new ways to establish a single tonality.
Three periods of Igor Stravinsky with examples
Russian

Periods-
Russian Period/Primitivism- The Rite of Spring
Neoclassicism- Symphony of Psalms
Serial/Neotonality- Agon

Bela Bartok
Hungarian, born in the austro-hungarian empire.

Created individual modernist idiom by synthesizing elements of Hungarian, Romanian, Slovak, and Bulgarian peasant music. Was a virtuoso Pianist, piano teacher, and ethnomusicologist.

Works= Mikrokosmos and Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta.

Charles Ives
American

Fluent in:
American Vernacular
Protestant church
European Classical
Experimental

Pieces=
General William Booth goes to heaven
Three places in New England