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somewhat slower than allegro |
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indicates middle C on third line of staff |
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somewhat faster than andante |
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clarity of musical performance |
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promptness and decision in beginning a tone |
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separates a staff into measures |
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indicates F below middle C on the fourth line of the staff |
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gradually softer and softer |
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ending section of a piece (sign indicates to go to coda) |
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hitting the string with the wood part of the bow |
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detached, articulation comes from the change of direction of the bow |
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indicates the end of a piece or section |
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ending to be used the first time |
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lowers a note one half-step |
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loud immediately followed by soft |
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tells what notes to play sharp or flat in a piece or section |
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metronome marking indicating number of beats per minute |
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a strongly articulated bow stroke used in marcato style |
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repeat the previous measure |
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play the music one octave higher; (8vb)- play the music one octave lower |
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a complete musical thought or sentence |
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Gradual slackening in speed |
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repeat back to the beginning or to the last facing repeat sign |
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Retardando (retard., rit.) |
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gradual slackening in speed |
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dropping or throwing the bow onto the string and letting it rebound a specific number of times |
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freely, not necessarily in tempo |
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dropping or throwing the bow onto the string and letting it rebound a specific number of times |
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ending to be used upon taking a repeat |
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“the sign”, go back to the sign at D.S. |
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similarly, continue in the same manner |
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raises a note one half-step |
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two or more notes connected by a single articulation |
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5 lines and 4 spaces, upon which music is written |
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the bow is drawn directly on the bridge |
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the bow is drawn over the finger board |
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two of the same notes (pitch) to be played together as one longer note |
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top number = number of beats per measure; bottom number = what kind of note gets the beat |
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indicates G above middle C on the second line of the staff |
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a very fast detache bowing; unmeasured strokes |
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ornamentation consisting of alternating of two consecutive notes |
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