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| vibrations transmitted, usually through air, to the eardrum which sends impulses to the brain |
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| an art based on the organization of sounds in time. |
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| the relative highness or lowness of a sound |
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| a sound that has a definate pitch |
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| the “distance” in pitchbetween any two tones |
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| interval between two tones in which the higher tone has twice the frequency of the lower tone |
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| a series of pitches arranged in order from low to high or high to low |
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| the distance between the lowest and highest tones that a voice or an instrument can produce |
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| the degrees of loudness or softness in music |
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| emphasis of a note, which may result from its being louder, longer or higher in pitch than the notes near it |
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| decrescendo or diminuendo |
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| quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another |
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| SMAC: soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, contralto |
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| TBB: Tenor, baritone, bass |
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| how many musical instrument groups? |
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| how many orchestra groups? |
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| when did piano come into being? |
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| when was the piano perfected? |
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| what is the king of instruments? |
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| when was harpsichord made? |
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| when did harpsichord disapear? |
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| when did harpsichord reappear? |
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| Romantic Period, mid 20th century |
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1. the flow of music through time
2. the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music |
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| a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time |
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| organization of beats into regular groups |
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| group containing a fixed number of beats |
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| the first, or stressed, beat of the measure |
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| any group of music that is divisble by 2, the stress is made on the first beat. duple meter, triple meter, quadruple meter |
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| any group that is divisible by 3. sextuple meter, stress on beat one and four |
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| note played louder than those around it |
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| accenting of a note at an unexpected time, as between two beats or on a weak beat. Ex: jazz |
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| words, usually at the beginning of a piece of music, often in Italian, which specify the pace at which the music should be played |
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| moderately slow, a walking pace |
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| a system of writing music so that specific pitches and rhythms can be communicated |
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| set of 5 horizontal lines on which notes are positioned |
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| # makes pitch a half step higher |
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| b makes pitch half step lower |
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| wierd square. cancels previous sharp or flat sign |
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| symbol placed at the beginning of the staff to whoe the exact pitch of notes placed on each line and space |
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| used for relativel high ranges or pitches |
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| used for relatively low range of pitches |
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| used by keyboard instruments that cover a wide range of pitches |
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| horizontal line connecting the flags of several eighth notes or sixteenth notes in succession, to facilitate reading these notes |
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| long-short rhythmic pattern in which a dotted note is followed by a note that is much shorter |
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| in notation of rhythm, an arc between two notes of the same pitch indicating that the second note should not be played but should be added to the duration of the first |
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| in notation of rhythm, three notes of equal duration grouped within a curved line with the number 3, lasting only as long as two notes of the same length would normally last |
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| shows the meter of the piece |
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| notation showing all the parts of a musical ensemble with a seperate staff for each part, and with simultaeneously sounded notes aligned vertically; used by the conductor. |
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| the smaller the instrument, the ____ the sound. the larger the instrument, the ____ the sound |
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| the orchestra has over ___ musiscians |
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| brass, string, percussion, woodwinds |
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| the instrument the orchestra tunes to |
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| flute, clarinet, oboe, bassoon |
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| made in more differnet shapes and sizes than any other instrument |
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| only instrument that come in kids sizes |
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| vary more in size and shape more than any string |
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| violin, viola, cello, bass |
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| harp has special effect called |
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| horn would be this long if uncoiled |
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| number of positions on trombone slide |
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| series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole. usually 8 measures long |
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| interval between two adjacent tones in the western scale |
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| any interval larger than a step |
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| highest tone of a melody, or focal point |
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| tones that are sung or performed in smooth, connected style |
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| tones that are sung or performed on a shirt or detached style |
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| part of a melody. usually 4 measures long |
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| repetition of amelodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch |
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| resting place or point of arrival at the end of the phrase |
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| impartial feeling, setting up expectations |
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| melody that serves as the starting point for an extended piece of music |
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| refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow eachother |
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| combination of three or more tones sounded at once |
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| a specific series of chords |
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| unstable tone combination |
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| dissonance moving to consonance |
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| simplest, most basic chord in western music. 3 notes. |
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| 7 tones with the first tone repeated at a higher pitch |
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| cannot have ___ without ____ |
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| first degree of the scale |
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| triad built on the fifth or dominant not eof the scale. always comes back to tonic. |
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| progression from the dominant to the tonic chord that is often used at the end of a piece |
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| broken chord. the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another |
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| central note, scale, and chord within a piece, in relationship to which all other tones in the composition are heard |
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| central tone of a melody or larger piece of music. when a piece is in the key of C major, C is the keynote or tonic. |
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| series of pitches arranged in order from low to high and high to low. |
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| step between the second and third tones is characteristic |
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| all the twelve tones of the octave- all the black and white keys that are all the same distance apart by one half step each |
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| shift from one key to another within the same piece |
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| key around which the whole piece is organized |
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| number of differnet layers of sound that are heard at once, whether they are melody or harmony, and how they are related to eachother |
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| single unaccompanied line |
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| simultaneous performance of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest. |
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| technique of combining several melodic lines into a meaningful whole |
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| another word for polyphonic texture |
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| a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then restated immediately by another |
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| one main melody accompanied by chords |
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| the organization of musical elements in time |
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| changing some features while keeping others |
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| the characteristic way of treating the various musical elements |
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| melody, rhythm, tone color, dynamics, harmony, texture, form |
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| what the different instruments and voices sound like |
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| number of lines of music happening at the same time |
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| strucutre of song or piece, organization |
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| 450-1450 no scales, nodes |
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| 1450-1600 no scales, nodes |
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| 1900-1945 dissonance. 1945-present |
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