Monody
Solo song with instrument accompaniment to recreate drastic art of ancient Greece.
Major-Minor
Bach
Rhythm, Meldoy, Dissonance
Camerata
Aimed to resurrect dramatic Greece.
Virtuoso
Performer of extraordinary technical ability.
Opera
Play or drama, large scale, costumes, sing everything
Martin Luther was happening
Oratorio
Large scale drama, has religous texts
Aria
More lyrical, emotional tension
Overture
Happens at beginning
Monteverdi
Wrote Orfeo. Orfeo was based mainly off Greek mythology.
First operas were
only for Royal court
Henry Purcell
Wrote Dido and Aeneas
Librettist
Wrote text for operas called librettos
Handel
Wrote “Messiah”
J.S. Bach
Cantata- A mighty fortress is our God
Concerto
Instrumental genre in several movements for solo instrument and orchestra.
Concertino
Solo group of instruments in the Baroque concerto grosso.
Baroque Suite dances
allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue
Stradivarius
Woodwinds, hornpipes, minuet, organ, harpsichord, clavichord.
Vivaldi
Four seaons- was program music
Fugue
The subject, or main theme, of fugue is stated alone at beginning in one of the voices.
Exposition
at the end
Episodes
Interludes that serve as areas of relaxation.
Middle ages lasted
Nearly 1,000 years
Centers of power that were also sacred were
Early Christian churches and state centers
New Genres
Vernacular
Gregorian Chant
Monophonic melody with a freely flowing, unmeasured vocal line.
Liturgy
The set order of religious services and the structure of each service, within a particular denomination.
Ars Nova
New art- rise of secular chansons
Polyphony
Combination of two or more simultaneous melodic lines at the same time.
Organum
Earliest polyphonic music grew out of adding chant to Gregorian chant.
Motet
non-religious
Minstrels
Like gypsies-known as troubadours in France
Chanson
French for “song”
Bos
Soft indoor instrument
Haut
Outdoor instruments
Early trombone was called
Sackbut
Renaissance
Time of exploration, people began building instruments and printing music.
A cappella
Golden age renaissance- unaccompanied vocal music.
Word painting
allowed texts to be expressed musically.
Josquin Des Prez
Wrote Ave Maria. Wrote 20 polyphonic masses and 80 motets.
Chanson
French madrigal-English- 3 or 4 voices mainly love poems from renaissance poets.
Sixteenth century madrigal
Poetry and music, weeping, singing, began Italian
English madrigal
used Fa la la la la.
Figure bass
shorthand allowed performer to supply chords through improvisation.
Virtuoso
Composed solo instrument- had accompaniment.
Great Voyages
Music from Persia, India, Turkey
Cantata
Vocal genre for solo singers, chorus, and instrumentalists based on a lyric or dramatic poetic narrative.
Musical Movements of the Mass

1.Kyrie

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2. Gloria

3. Credo

4. Sanctus Agnus Dei

Handel “Messiah” Hallelujah chorus
is an oratorio
Vivaldi “Four Seasons Spring”
Is for string quartet
Handel’s Water Music-has drums
is for Baroque orchestra
Bach “Contrapunctus No.1” from Act of Fugue- Very stringy
Contains harpsichord