Pope Gregory
responsible for inventing the way music is written today
1st love songs came about in the
middle ages
syllabic means
1 pitch/syllable
nuematic means
2-5 pitches/syllable
mellismatic means
5+ pitches/syllable
Hildegard of Bingen
1st women musician of the Western World
Guillaume de Machaut
French
popular, advanced for his time
John Farmer
Englishman
known for secular story-telling ballads
Fair Phyllis
the term Bas means
soft sounding, indoor music
the term Haut means
loud outdoor music
Baroque
1600-1750
everything was overdone
Baroque examples
Spring from the 4 seasons
Ave Maria
Baroque composers
Bach
Vivaldi
Handel
Bach was known for _______ and was a master of _______ writing
known for Pipe Organs, master of polyphonic writing
Bach learned to play on the ____
clavier (keyboard instrument)
Bach was _____ and grew up in ____
german, grew up in poverty
____ had 20 kids and never traveled outside of his home town
BACH
how did Bach die?
from a boched eye surgery
BAch’s full name
Johann sebastian Bach
Bach’s most famous piece
A mighty fortress is our God
____ was responsible for the method for tuning the piano
Bach
_____ was a master organ designer
Bach
Bach’s religion was ____
Lutheran, though he wrote for the catholic church
Vivaldi’s nickname
The Red Preist
Vivaldi wanted to become a priest so he could
get an education
vivaldi was known for writing
solo pieces for all the primary instruments
Italian composer who wrote the 4 seasons
vivaldi
George Handel was from _____ and was born in the same year as _____
from Germany, born in same year as Bach
____ worked for the king of england as a court musician
Handel
Handel’s famous pieces
water music
royal fireworks music
“messiah”
Messia was _____ most famous piece and was written for ____
Handel’s. written for a childrens hospital benefit write before he died
Oratorio
preformed by solo voices, chorus, orchestra
no staging or costumes, usually religious
ex: Messiah
Libretto
compilation of old & new testament
ex: Messiah
secco
“dry” = unaccompanied
accompagnato
accompanied by orchestra
Messiah was written in ____ days
24
_____ had visions/dreams about his music
Handel
long runs of notes in Arias are definitive of _____ music
Baroque
examples of Oratorios
hallelujah chorus
for unto us a child is born
The classical period
1750-1825
philosophy was changed
simple, less decorative period
the american and French revolutions were going on during the _____ period
classical
____ was called the father of the symphony
Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn was born a ______ and lived most of his life in ______
born an Austrian
spent life in London
Joseph Haydn’s family
had little $
father was a miller
____ tried out for the vienna boys choir at age __ and made it
Haydn, age 8
Haydn taught
Mozart and Beethoven
Joseph Haydn’s famous pieces:
Surprise Symphony
Toy Symphony (done with toy instruments)
Beethoven was born in
Germany
______’s father was an alcoholic who beat him and forced him to practice piano perfectly
Beethoven
______ became totally deaf in his adulthood
Beethoven
Symphony
a piece for an orchestra
4 movements
Concerto
piece for a solo instrument with orchestra
3 movements
Sonata
piece for solo instrument + piano
4 movements
3 types of Opera
opera buffa
opera seria
singspeil
kershing number
“K. 191”
way of identifying chronological order of Mozart’s pieces
Don Juan was the _____ and was the inspiration for Mozart’s piece _____
greatest lover who ever lived
inspiration for Mozart’s opera: Don Giovanni
opera is set apart bc it has elements of
theater
Requium
piece written in honor of someone that died
Mozart wanted
to be accepted by others, to be loved.
____ died in his 30s from being overworked, poor, and exhasuted
Mozart
____ died while writing a Requium
Mozart