melody
tune
pitch
high & low
scale
series of pitches that ascend & desend
2 primary types
major & minor
harmony
backdrop of pitches to support melody
chord
3 or more pitches sounded simultaneous
rhythm
the temporal aspect that animates the music
beat
underlying pulse
meter
groups of beats
texture
relative complexity of music
monophonic
melody alone
polyphonic
2 or more melodies occurring simultaneously
homophonic
melodies w/acompanyment
timbre
tone quality
form
underlying structure of a piece of music
binary
2 part form
ternary
3 part form
rondo
continuous return of “A”
medieval
450 – 1450
chant
main type of music during period, monophonic, religious
organum
adding another voice part to chant
sacred
religious
secular
worldly
mass
main musical service of catholic church
proper
special occassion/holidays
ordinary
normal/everyday service
troubadors/trouveres
groups of french noblemen who wrote secular poems and music
renaissance
1450 – 1600
a cappella
no accompanyment
imitative polyphony
main style of music
protestant reformation
palestrina
palestrina
#1 freak of renaissance – composer
jospuin
#2 freak; french
baroque
1600 – 1750
operah
newest inventiion
homophony
new texture of baroque
basso continuo
base movement w/keyboard
improvisation
embellishing melody
messiah
by handel
classical
1750 – 1825
form
most important in classical
romantic
1825 – 1900
extreme
passion/emotion
resent
rules
who ushered romantic period
beethoven
atonality
no tone
dissonance
harsh sounds
20th new philosophy
“art can be ugly”
much electicism
lots of choices
mass
main service of catholic church
requiem
mass 4 dead
psalms
important source of religious music
oratorio
extended religious work for chiors, orchestra
recitative
speech-like-singing
aria
showy vocal
soprano/alto/tenor/bass
4 primary voice types
gospel
african am. high energy, intense
ketjok
indonessian, type of balinese
multiphonics
2 sounds sung @ once
muezzin
person who call muslim’s to prayer daily