Huasteca
A folk ensemble that features the sweet falsetto of a male singer accompanied by two guitars and a lively violin
Syncretism
The fusion of cultures that takes place when different ethnic groups meet
Criollos/Mestizos
Latin Americans of mixed race
Coplas
Pairs of lines, in song lyrics
Samba
Brazilian dance form
Rumba
Cuban dance form
Tango
Argentinean dance form
sesquialtera
a metric type in which the beat alternates between simple triple and compound duple meters
Autos
Folk religious dramas in which music plays an important part
Son
A form of mestizo music that refers to a wide variety of different song and dance types
Chilena
Folk band type that originated in Acapulco that involves a guitar, a smaller guitar called a requinto, and sometimes wind instruments
Huapango
Folk band from the rural regions around Mexico City that features a violin that plays fast-running figures
Mariachi
Folk band type that originated in the ranches around the Guadalajara; features the guitarron and a pair of trumpets
Guitarron
Distinctive bass instrument of mariachi bands; played by plucking strings with the fingers
Jarocho
Band from the veracruz region known for fast lively dances and songs such as La Bamba
Zapateados
Stamping, boot-tapping dances that go on through to dawn
Jarana
five-course guitar slightly smaller than the Spanish guitar
Requinto
A small guitar
Arpa
A diatonically tuned harp
Maniqueos
alternating patterns of up and down strums
Bajo sexto
bass guitar with six double courses tuned an octave lower than a traditional Spanish guitar
Canciones Revolucionarias
“Revolutionary Period”
Zarzuelas
a type of operetta
Musica Popular Brasileira
Post bossa nova popular music
Kena
Andean notched flute
Bomba
Andean bass drum
Charango
Small guitar, whose resonator is traditionally made of an armadillo shell
Huayno
a lively duple meter dance with a characteristic long-short-short rhythm, often played on a bomba
Cumbia
African-influenced fast duple meter dance
Chicha
hybrid style combining the Colombian cumbia, Cuban percussion, and North American rock with the local huayno
Cajon
an open wooden box that a drummer sits on and plays with his or her hands
Capoiera
Stylized martial art dance
Berimbau
Musical bow tapped with a stick and equipped with a half-gourd resonator placed against the chest
Atabaque
A tall drum
Agogo
A double iron bell
Rasgueado
Strumming technique in which the fist is opened and then closed over the strings