CLASSICAL STYLE

restrained, objective style of art.  spelled with a capital letter, CLASSICAL refers to western music characteristic of the period from 1750-1825.
OVERTURE

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introductory orchestral piece.

MOTIVE
short melodic phrase that may be effectively developed.
SONG CYCLE
set of songs by one composer, often using texts all by the same poet.
ORCHESTRAL SUITE
several sections of varying character drawn from a larger work, such as a ballet
PROGRAM SYMPHONY
multimovement; orchestral work whose form is based on programmatic concepts.
SYMPHONIC POEM or TONE POEM
one-movement orchestral piece whose form is based on programmatic principles.
CHARACTER PIECE
relatively short piano piece in a characteristic style or mood.
ATONALITY
avoidance of a tonic note and of tonal relationships in music.
IMPRESSIONISM
style of painting and music that avoids explicit statement, instead emphasizing suggestion and atmosphere.
EXPRESSIONISM
highly emotional style in art that sought to express disturbed states of mind.
PRIMITIVISM
style inspired by primitive works of art and by the relaxed life of unsophisticated cultures.
EXPERIMENTALISM
exploration of previously unknown aspects of musical sound.
POLYMETER
use of more than one meter at the same time.
POLYRHYTHM
two or more rhythmic patterns performed simultaneously.
POLYTONALITY
two or more keys at the same time.

QUARTER TONE

interval halfway between half steps.

INDETERMINATE MUSIC
music in which some elements of composition are left to the decision of performers, or to chance.
NEOCLASSICISM
20th century version of classicism in music.
NEOROMANTICISM
20th century version of a romantic approach to music.

TONE CLUSTER

chord built on seconds.
SPIRITUAL
folklike religious song, with a simple tune, developed by niggers.

RHYTHM & BLUES

nigger popular music of the 1950’s.; more specifically, a nigger popular style in quadruple meter with strong backbeats and a danceable tempo.

RAGTIME
popular piano style in which a syncopated melody in the right hand is accompanied by a regular duple pattern in the bass.
RAP
rapid spoken pattern accompanied by hip-hop music.
ROCK ‘N’ ROLL
popular style developed in the early 1950’s from a combination of country-western and rhythm & blues.
JAZZ
popular music rooted in AFRICA that developed in early 20th century america.  there are many styles of jazz, but they generally share a danceable beat, syncopated rhythms, and certain characteristic performance practices, including improvisation.
NEW ORLEANS JAZZ
music performed by a small combo whose soloists take turns improvising on a given tune.
BLUES
vocal style that originated as a kind of nigger folk song and became a form of jazz.
BEBOP
complex, highly improvised style of jazz.