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-Reform of RC practice where only choir and clergy sing.
-Congregation sings chorales in unison |
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| -Originally sung unison melodies (adaptations of GC, existing German devotional songs, contrafactum, and entirely new compositions) |
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| -Secular song with new sacred words |
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| -Chorale used as a cantus-firmus (sung by choir or in the home) |
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| Altered strophic and rhymed translation of psalms in the vernacular; monophonic |
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| Anglican version of a motet |
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-Most widely printed secular music genre of 16th c.
-Through composed (new music for each line), and text painting dominates. |
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| Free verse most often associated with recitar cantando |
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-Italian homophonic song, strophic w/ simple harmonies.
-Usually multiple voices or one voice with instrument. |
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| -8 syllable lines 12345678 |
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| -Arrangements of vocal pieces using tablature (notation of hand/finger placement) |
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| Functional vs. Stylized dances |
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-Functional: ensemble dances; suitable for social dancing
-Stylized solo dances; enjoyment of players/listeners |
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-Style of dance music, three-part form (AABBCC)
-Stately, duple meter |
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-Three-part form
-Lively triple meter |
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| Single-Impression printing |
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-After Petrucci
-Three steps in one (staff, notation and syllables)
-Cheaper, but not as elegant |
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| Triple Impression printing |
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-Created by Ottaviano Petrucci (earliest to print w/ moveable type)
-Staff, then notation, then words (fairly expensive) |
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| -Placing choirs and/or instruments in different positions throughout an acoustical space |
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| -Polyphony in the chromatic and text-driven style of Gesualdo |
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| – Musical texture that features both the bass line and an improvised harmonic accompaniment |
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| -Moving instrumental bass with lyrical singing in the vocal line |
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-Mixture of recit. and aria style
-Recit. + moving basses + minor passacaglia. |
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| -Later called recitative, sung speech that imitates the inflections of spoken Italian |
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-Full orchestra plays ritornelli (thematically related passages; soloist plays episodes (virtuosic passages)
-R – E – R2 – E2 – R3 – E3 – R4 – E4 – R5 – E5 – R6 |
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| -Extended episodes of singing and dancing (Sometimes extraneous to the plot) |
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| Trio sonata da camera/chiesa |
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-Sonata da camera (chamber) – instrumental dance suite
-Sonata da chiesa (church) – series of “abstract” movements used in liturgical settings |
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-Instrumental form for string instruments (1650-1730)
-Tempo designations serve as titles (e.g. “adagio,” allegro,” etc.)
-Arranged slow fast slow, often |
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-Hybrid of drama, music, and ballet (sung in French)
-Sung in 5 acts (adaptations of classical mythology) |
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-Grand music to accompany the King entering the theatre
-Stately march with dotted rhythm; lively imitative section |
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| -French recit. Simpler, measured, and more tuneful than Italian recit. |
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| -Dramatic religious piece for singers and instrumentalists with narration and dialogue |
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| -Sectional improvisatory piece for keyboard, each section based on a new motive |
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| -Repeating the bass line of a popular dance, while the voices move freely above. |
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| -Descending tetrachord (major =love, minor = pain and suffering) |
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| secular composition for solo voice and BC with alternating sections of aria, arioso, and recitative |
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| polyphonic piece for instruments |
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