Da Capo Aria

– Aria form with two sections
– The first section is repeated after the second sections close, which carries the instruction da capo.
Creates an ABA form

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Sonata da camera

– Baroque chamber Sonata
– Usually a suite of stylized dances
– Scored for 1 or more treble instruments and continuo

Sonata da chiesa

– church sonata
– Baroque instrumental work intended for performance in church.
– Usually in four movements
– Slow-fast-slow-fast
– scored for one or more treble instruments and continuo
Concerto
– Ensemble of instruments or voices with one or more instruments, or a work for such an ensemble.
– Composition in which one or more solo instruments contrasts with an orchestral ensemble.

Concerto Grosso

– Instrumental work that exploits the contrast in sonority between a small ensemble of solo instruments (concertino).
– Usually the same forces that appear in the trio sonata and a large ensemble (ripieno or concerto grosso).

Stadtpfeifers

– (Town Pipers)
– Professional town musicians who had the exclusive right to provide music within city limits.
Concertino
– The small ensemble of instruments in the concerto grosso form.
Turmsonaten
– (Tower Sonata)
– A chorale or sonata played daily on wind instruments by stadtpfeifers from the tower of the town hall or church.
Collegium Musicum
– An association of amateurs, popular during the Baroque period.
– Gathered to play and sing together for their own pleasure.
Abendmusiken
– Public concerts of sacred vocal music at St. Mary’s Cathedral.
– Played on five sunday afternoons each year before Christmas.
– First public concert series
– Created by Buxtehude
Fugue
– Composition or section of a composition
– In imitative texture
– Based on a single subject
– Begins with successive statements of the subject in voices.
Chorale Prelude
– Short setting for organ of a choral melody
– Used as an introduction for congregational singing or as an interlude in a Lutheran church service.
Ritornello Form

-;The section in a concerto for a full orchestra that alternates with the soloists episodes.
– Used as a guidepost to confirm key changes and modulations.
– Illustrated form:

Ritornello (tutti)
Episode (concertino)
Ritornello (tutti)
Episode/ Ritornello
Episode/Ritornello
Episode (concertino)
Ritornello (tutti)

The Four Seasons

– Vivaldi’s Op. 8 entitled Il ciment dell’armonia e dell’inventione (the contest of harmony and invention).
Consists of four violin concertos with each being named after a season.
– Each concerto consists of three movements (fast-slow-fast)
– Composed by Antonion Vivaldi

Ordres
– Couperin’s verision of the suite.
– Each ordre consisted of a number of miniature works
– Each miniature was set in binary form based on dance rhythms.
– Also contained evocative titles (i.e. ;The Victorious Muse; found in the 25th ordre)
Fundamental Bass
– Term Coined by Rameau to indicate the succession of the roots or fundamental tones in a series of chords.
Trait; de l;harmonie
– A treatise in harmony written by Jean-Phillipe Rameau
– The base for all music theory studies today
– Lays down the fundamental principles of all music harmony and composition.