What are the identifying characteristics of a “true” folk song?
Becomes changed over time. Tells story, usually about loved one.
T or F

Instrumentation is a deciding factor in determining whether music is “true” folk music.

False.
What is folk process?
Collective changing of a song, a sort of communal re-creation.
What do hornpipes, jigs, reels, and strathpeys all have in common?
They are old english dances.
Appalachian music tradition gets most of it’s Celtic tradition from what countries?
England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales (British Isles)
What best describes all ballad songs?
Tell story, often lengthy narrative about particular figure or event.
What were the churches called in slave times where the spirituals began?
Praise houses.
Through what famous singing group did America first learn of spirituals?
The Fisk Jubilee Singers.
Why did folklorists John and Alan Lomax first tour through America seeking to record folk and blues?
Compile songs for Library of Congress and keep tradition.
What folk artist collected songs from his travels through the south and was eventually pardoned on 2 separate prison sentences, one with help from the Lomaxes?
Huddie “Leadbelly” Ledbetter.
The style of roots music most associated with Bill Monroe is:
Bluegrass.
What 5 instruments usually comprise the average Bluegrass band?
Fiddle, banjo, guitar, mandolin, and bass fiddle
What prolific songwriter and performer embodied the folk-spirit of the Okie farmer of the Depression, AND came to symbolize the radical political folk musician?
Woody Guthrie
What artist was called “America’s tuning fork;” stayed on the forefront of music and politics through the 60s; blacklisted by the McCarthy era’s HUAC committee; wrote civil rights anthems “We Shall Overcome,” “If I had a Hammer,” and “Turn, Turn, Turn?”
Pete Seeger
Why did the Weavers become blacklisted by HUAC in the mid 1950s?
They performed at picket lines and union meetings until they were hired by the Village Vanguard in New York.
Skiffle, a very popular “do-it-yourself” British music style that was a mix of folk music and ragtime was popularized in the 1950s by:
Lonnie Donegan
What is the traditional music of the black, French speaking country people of the bayou regions of central and southern Louisiana?
Zydeco
What is the traditional music of the white, French speaking country people of the bayou regions of central and southern Louisiana?
Cajun
What East Coast folk artist openly opposed the Vietnam War by organizing the Institute for the Study of Non-Violence, and also made the song “We Shall Overcome,” co-written by Pete Seeger?
Joan Baez
What is Greenwich Village?
An unofficial residential borough of lower Manhattan. It became a haven for radical politics and political art in the late 1950s and 60s.
Who was the legendary A&R man who “discovered” Bob Dylan?
John Hammond
Why is Bob Dylan considered the most influential American pop musician of the 1960s?
He was one of the first “pop” artists to personalize his songs, inspiring countless future songwriters.
What songwriter changed popular music with deeply personal, highly intelligent and poetic lyrics?
Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan traveled from his Minnesota home to New York City, allowing him to see what dying folk musician, who was also his most important influence?
Woody Guthrie
Who continued to sing protest songs into the seventies, though largely unheard, his life ending in suicide?
Phil Ochs
What was a Medicine Show?
A traveling business selling “patent medicines” like hair tonics, health elixirs, and other snake-oils; closest any rural musician could get full-time employment
The majority of music on the air during the early days of radio came from what source?
Medicine shows
T or F. In the early days (1920s thru 40s), aspiring recording artists first had to make a name for themselves in live radio.
True
Which radio station developed the most popular “barn dance” radio show, called The Grand Ole Opry in the 1920s?
WSM radio
Hillbilly music’s first multi-million seller, “The Prisoner Song,” was on several record labels by the same artist. What was the name used on his first recording with Victor?
Vernon Dalhart
The Skillet Lickers played a traditional style of Celtic influenced music that was popular in the Southeast and utilized string instruments, often called:
“Old-timey” … growing out of Irish and English folk dances and ballads
What cornerstone country family is credited with setting many standards of country music style, influencing the next generations of singers with 250 recordings and Opry broadcasts?
The Carter Family
What country star developed the guitar playing technique of playing the melody on the bass strings while picking chords on the higher strings?
Maybelle Carter
Which singer learned the blues as a railroad laborer, later combing it with hillbilly music?
Jimmie Rodgers
What early producer recorded both the Carter Family and Jimmie Rodgers for Victor in 1927?
Ralph S. Peer
Which artist became the first Western Movie Star by battling the Phantom Empire from his horse in singing groups like “That Silver Haired Daddy of Mine” in a 1930s science-fiction movie series? He later went on to star in over 80 films and started producing the first ever made-for-TV series.
Gene Autry
The style of country music that is most associated with Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys is:
Western Swing
What music style became the predominant influence on popular music from the mid 1930s through the 1940s?
Swing jazz
Western Swing is a hybrid of what 2 styles of music?
Swing and Country
“Hey, Good Lookin’,” Cold Cold Heart,” and “Your Cheatin’ Heart” were all written by this person often credited as the best country songwriter of all time.
Hank Williams, Sr.
Who was the King of Honky-Tonk, who died of an overdose of alcohol and drugs in 1953 at age 29?
Hank Williams, Sr.
Which 2 men formed the first country music publishing firm in Nashville in 1942?
Roy Acuff and Fred Rose
What urbanized country style emerged in Southwestern roadhouses during and after WWII?
Honky-Tonk
Rockabilly can be described as a blend of what 2 styes of music?
R&B and hillbilly
Which independent record label first discovered and developed Elvis Presley, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis?
Sun Records
Which country and gospel group first brought blues and up-tempo boogie-woogie their music in the late 1940s, in effect the beginning of Rockabilly?
The Delmore Brothers
What artist combined country and rhythm and blues to create the first rock and roll million-selling hit?
Bill Haley
What popular country duo’s huge single “Cathy’s Clown” helped put Warner Bros. Records on the map?
The Everly Brothers
Who produced Johnny Cash’s Grammy-winning American Recordings release?
Rick Rubin
Besides Don Law, what 2 Nashville producers created the “Nashville Sound?”
Owen Bradley and Chet Atkins
Who created the first country/rock album, and what is the record’s title?
The Byrds: Sweetheart of the Rodeo
What guitarist formed The Flying Burrito Brothers and “spread the gospel” of electric country guitar oriented music in the late 1960s?
Gram Parsons
T or F. Dolly Parton and Loretta Lynn grew up poor in the Appalachians.
True.
What 3 cities are the major producers of country music in the USA?
Nashville, Austin, and ?