3 ways to classify # of notes per syllable
1. Syllabic- 1 note/syllable
2. neumatic- 3-5 notes/syllable
3. melismatic- long vocal phrases with single syllable
Fall of Rome & Learning. Monastery?
Fell 476AD
Cities & centers of learning cruble, such that under Caesar Rome’s population was 1MIL, by 6th century <100,000
–Monastery&Convent
—-Monachus-Monk
—-Monacha-Nun
St. Benedict
Benedict of Nursia (c480-c550)
roman aristocrat who gave up wealth for a life in religious poverty
“rule of St. Benedict” code of conduct to regulate life in monastery
1. Monastery of St. Gall?
2. Scriptorium?
3. Cloister?
1. Important Monastery in Switzerland founded 612 by Gallus of Ireland.
2. Writing room for production of books
3. The area around which monks lived
Canonical Hours/Liturgical Offices (name 4)
8 periods of daily worship created by St. Benedict.

1. Matins
2. Vespers
3. Sext
4. Nones

Pope Gregory the Great
c540-604
–Reorganized Chant
–Decreed certain chants to be sung on certain days
1. Holy Roman Empire?
2. Charlemagne?
1. realm of central Europe that existed about 1000 years.
2. Frankish warrior king who marched to rome and had himself crowned the first HRE 800AD
Psalter
Book of 150 Psalms of old testament
According to St. Benedict ALL had to be rendered to god each week
1. cantor?
2. How does Cantor give intonation?
3. Psalm tones
1. Chief Musician
2. He began the psalm, and his side of aisle would then sing first verse
3. Simple repeating patterns rather than complex melodies
1. Antiphonal Singing
2. Antiphon
3. Doxology
1. Choir alternately sings back and forth
2. the short chant that begins and concludes the antiphonal singing
3. 2 verses added to end of psalm
Hymn/Magnificant
what’s the difference?
a hymn is a short chant with few phrases, often 4. It is sung anntiphonally

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Magnificant is a canticle- a particularly memorable passage of scripture usually from the new testament. It concludes Vespers

Mass
(Part 1- name the typical parts of the proper)
introit-introduction, clergy enter
gradual- reflective chant
Alleluia or Tract- Penance
Sequence
offertory
Communion
Mass
(Part 2- name the typical parts of the Ordinary)
Kyrie-petition of mercy
Glorida-hymn of praise
Credo-Profession of Faith
Sanctus- Acclamation to the Lord
Agnus Dei- Petition of Mercy
Ite, Missa Est