Describes Organum –purpose was to teach singers to improvise polyphonic Music on the spot!
Parallel Organum What are the voices, how do they move? avoid a certain interval (which one)?
Voices move in Lockstep 1. Vox Principalis- preexisting chant to be enhanced 2. Vox Originallis- New improvised line
To avoid tritone, Hogar advises organal voice to stay the same
Guido de Arezzo & John of St. Gall What did they say on Polyphony?
Guido’s “Micrologus” –19 chapters dedicated to Polyphony John’s “De Musica” 1. Encourages contrary motion 2. Vox Principalis should be the LOWER line in Organum
Winchester Troper
c1000AD Comes from England, is a collection of trope. Written in unheightened neumes, as it is 30 years before invention of staff 150 2 voice organa, all to be improvised
Aquitanian polyphony What are it’s other names, how does it work?
Many come from Anquitanian region of SW France. Also called St. Marital polyphony 12th Century Many are sustained-tone organum, the bottom voice holds a not, upper voice florishes with fast moving line
Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. Where? How important to music?
Spain where the Codex Calixitinus of 1150 is located
Codex Calixtinus
1150 20 polyphonic pieces, mostly for mass and vespers First manuscript to ascribe composers names to pieces of music