Suite
Instrumental music meant to be danced to.
Usually Allemande, Courante, Saraband, and Gigue
Allemande
4/4 moderate tempo, flowing often begining with an upbeat
Courante
Fast triple meter begining with an upbeat
Sarabande
Slow, triple meter, No upbeat noble
Gigue
Fast, often with dotted rhythem, compound meter 6/8
Minuet
3/4 Moderate tempo Stately
Concerto Grosso
When piece alternates between group of instruments and larger group of instruments
Solo Concert
contains multiple solo instruments or instruments that are soloists
Ripieno Concerto
concerto for large ensemble without soloist
Sonata
“that which is sounded” work for one or more solo instruments usually in three or four movements
Sonata da Camera
“Sonata of the chamber” type of sonata feturing series of dance related movements
Sonata da Chiesa
“Sonata of the Church” features a slow first movement and at least one additional immitative movement
Trio Sonata
Sonata for two instruments of high range violin/flute/oboe and basso continuo
Toccata
Type of work for keyboard free in form sounds improvisational usually fast no preexistant material
Fugue
Type of composition that incorporates a series of immitative entries usually on single theme sometime more
Fantasia
Type of work that follows no structure of large scale convention but gives impression of following “free flight fancy”
Basso Continuo
“Continuous Bass” bass line of any work in 17th/18th century incorporates bassline and harmonies to be realized above the line.
Ground Bass
short bas pattern that repeated many times over movement/work provides structural basis for above voices
Ostinato
Figure presented repeatedly in succession
Binary Form
Any musical form consiting of two parts
Ritornello
“brief return” big in genre of concerto, musical idea that returns at several points
Da Capo Aria
area consisting of thre sections A contrasting B and return of the A in which the singer would embellish melody to show off
Accompanied Recitative
recitative accompanied by orchestra
Recitative
style of characterized by syllabic declaimation, singing with greater emphasis on text than melody
Opera Seria
“serious opera” type of opera mostly in italy 1680-1810. Strict division between recitative and aria. Emphasis on virtuosic singing. Used Castrati and stories were often from ancient history/mythology
Ballad Opera
Type of opera popular in England during 18th century featuring contemporary songs mixed with dialogue.
Cantata
vocal work, usually sacred with varying size of musicians soloist and basso continuo- soloist chorus and orchestra.
Johann Jakob Froberger
-studied with Frescobaldi and dedicated works to him
-amoung first to write extended keyboard suites
-born in germany
-court organist in vienna
Girolamo Fresobaldi
-Father of keyboard music mostly liked tocatas
-liked out of tune music
-spent most of life in Rome as organist for St. Peter’s
-cultivated every keyboard genre of his generation tocatta, fantasia, canzona, ricercar, and mostly the variation
Dietrich Buxtehude
-Celebrated organist
-spent most of career in Denamrk
Johann Pachelbel
-known today for cannon in D
-mostly know in his day as organist and composer of sacred music
-worked in many german cities
Francois Couperin
-“Le Grand” for prowess at organ wrote lots of harpsichord
-Born in Paris mostly served Louis XIV and Louis XV
JS Bach
-loved Buxtehude
-wrote cantatas, passions, masses and motets, chamber music, orchestral music, organ and harpsichord music, cannons and fuges.
Henry Purcell
-wrote theatre music and sacred more lively anthems for westminster
George Fredrick Handel
-German born most of career in england
-mostly wrote operas, oritoios, odes, cantatas, sacred, orchestral, keyboard, and chamber music
Jean Fery Rebel
-les elements
-dissonant even for 20th century
Antonio Vivaldi
-wrote concertos, operas, sacred music
-Red Priest redhead
-directed music a girls orphanage
-master of melodi invention
Elizabeth Jacquet de la Guerre
first women to publish opera in france
Gayord Muffat
-swedish lived in france
-orchestral music woodwinds, lots of cellos and basses anyi teleological movement.