What years are considered the Ancient Music Era
Before 600 C.E.
What dates are covered in the Medieval Era?
600 C.E- 1400 C.E.
The Medieval period is considered the Age of _______
Theocracy
What region did the Antiquity era begin?
Mesopotamia
What country was the basis of Western Music?
Greece
Who was the first known composer in Antiquity music?
Enheduanna
Who was the mathematician that discovered intervals?
Pythagoras
What did Plato and Aristotle believe music affects
The way we behave
Who was the Father of Gregorian Chant?
Pope Gregory
)Who came up with hand signs and the four line staff?
Guido
Who was the first music theorist?
Boethius
What female composed chants that came from the Holy Spirit?
Hildegard
Who developed isorhythm?
Machaut
Who was a leading scholar during the later Medieval era?
St. Thomas Aquinas
Who developed two-voice organum at Notre Dame
Leonius
Who developed three and four-voice organum?
Perotinus
What is Adam De Helle famous for
Wrote “opera” about Robin Hood and Marion
What 4 types of instruments were popular in the Antiquity era?
Lyre, plucked strings, reed instruments, and percussion
What Greek god was known for playing the lyre?
Apollo
Why was instrumental music banned from the church?
It had a beat, which could invoke pagan practice (Dancing from the Devil)
What is the universal folk instrument used during the Medieval times?
The bagpipes
What instrument was created by 1100 and became commonplace in cathedrals by 1300?
Organ
What are the 6 musical elements?
Melody, harmony, tambre, texture, form, rhythm
What are the 6 musical elements?
Melody, harmony, tambre, texture, form, rhythm
What are the 4 historical traces of music?
Physical remains, visual images, writings about music, music itself
What are the two divisions of the Middle Ages?
Dark Ages & High Middle Ages, or Romanesque & Gothic
Name two events from the Dark Ages
Fall of Rome, Black Plague, first university, Crusades, 100 years war, Chaucer, final split between
Roman and Byzantine Empire
What is The Office?
8 different times of worship
What is The Office?
8 different times of worship
Harmonium
Us in relation to the spheres
Chant
melody line Gregorian and Embresian
Quadrivium
geometry, astronomy, music, arithmetic
Trivium
grammar, rhetoric, dialectic
Syllabic
one syllable for each note
Melismatic
lots of notes per syllable
Neumatic
few notes per syllable
communion
euchrist
when is communion taken
mass
Ordinary
things happened continually
Proper
things that don’t happen all the time
Kyrie
Christ have mercy
Gloria
praise God
Cedo
creed
Sanctus
trinity
Agnus Dei
lamb of God
Responsorial
call and response chant between soloist and choir
Antiphonal
2 or more groups alternate chants
direct
chant all together
Trope
expansion at the end of a chant
Sequence
expansion at the end of a chant
Sequence
expansion at the beginning of a chant
Council of Trent
church council that banned trope and sequence
Liturgical drama
Biblical plays
Monophonic
1 melody line
Crusades
attempts by Europe to obtain Holy Lands
guild
club of artisans possessing the same skill
vernacular
in the country’s language
Chanson de gest
songs of deeds, epic stories
Bard
poet in celtic lands
jongleurs
lower class itinerant traveling musicians
minstrel
higher court musicians
Troubadours
Poet composers from Southern France
Trouve’res
Northern poet composers
Musical plays
plays not about the bible
Minnesinger
German troubadour
Minnesinger
German troubadour
Laude
italian secular songs
dance music
carole and estampie
polyphony
voices singing together in different parts
organum
2 or more voices singing different notes in combination
Parallel organum
perfect fifths
Free organum
organum with several things at once
Ligature
note grouping that forms a rhythm
Motet
polyphonic works with 1(+) works added to preexisting tenor
Cantus firmus
tenor part, original chant
Hocket
2 voices alternate in rapid succesion