Gregorian Chant
also knows as plainsong, monophonic music sung in unison, almost always without the accompaniment of music
Antiphon
short chant specific to the day, sung at the beginning and the end
Cantor
chief musician
Doxology
“Gloria Patri”, standard formula of praise to the Holy Trinity
Psalm tones
Simple recitation formulas
Intonation
Recitation
Mediation
Recitation
Recitation
Termination
Mass
Most important religious service of the day
means to dismiss the service (Ite, masse est)
Proper of the Mass
Chants whose texts change each day to suit the religious theme or to honor a particular saint
Introit
an introductory chant for the entrance of the celebrating clergy
Kyrie
A petition in Greek for mercy
Gloria
A hymn of praise to the Lord
Gradual
A reflective chant
Alleluia
a chant of thanksgiving or penance; the final melisma is called the jubilus
Sequence
a chant commenting on the text of the Alleluia (reading of the Gospel)
Many sequences written by Notker Balbulus (ca. 840-912)
Credo
a profession of Faith
Sanctus
an acclimation to the Lord
Agnus dei
a petition for mercy and eternal peace
Ite, missa est
short dismissal, usually sung by a solo Deacon
Order of the Proper of the Mass
Introit, Gradual, Alleluia/Tract, Sequence, Offertory, Communion
(I Got AnoTher Six-pack Of Corona)
Order of the Ordinary of the Mass
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei
King George Can Sing Anything
Syllabic chant
only one note per syllable
neumatic chant
often three to five notes for each syllable of text
melismatic chant
many notes per syllable
melisma
lengthy vocal phrase setting a single syllable
Tract
chant used instead of the Alleluia during Lenten or pre-Lenten seasons
Offertory
a chant for the offering before the ritual of communion
Responsorial song
choral respond, solo voice, choral respond
Tropes
an addition of music or text or both to a pre-existing chant. Usually added before the chant, rather than after
Many tropes written by Tuotilo of St. Gall (ca. 815-915)
Requiem Mass
Mass of the Dead
Usually omits the Alleluia, Gloria, and Credo
Dies Irae is pivotal to the piece
John of St. Gall
AKA John Cotton, Johannes Cotto, Johannes Afflighemensis
Flourished ca. 1100
treatise entitled De Musica (on Music)
Established eight church modes derived from the Greek system
De Musica
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Eight church Modes
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