Homophonic
Texture with principle melody and accompanying harmony
Harmony
The simultaneous combination of notes creating intervals and chords
Conjunct
Smooth connected melody that moves in small intervals
Disjunct
Disjointed or disconnected melody with many leaps
Syllabic
Melodic style with one notes to each syllable of text
Monophonic
Single line texture or melody without accompaniment
Melismatic
Melodic style characterized by many notes sung to a text syllable
Motet
Polyphonic vocal genre secular in the middle ages but sacred or devotional thereafter
Polyphonic
Two or more melodic lines combined into a multivoiced texture
Mass proper
Varying Mass from day to day
Mass ordinary
Mass that stayed the same everyday
Chorale
Congregational hymn of the German Lutheran Church
Council of Trent
Dealt with the reform of the liturgical music
Opera
Music drama that is sung throughout, uses acting, scenery, and costumes
Oratorio
Religions, Baroque period, similar to opera without the scenery, action, or costumes
Cantata
Several movements, uses singing, arias, recitatives etcetera
Madrigal
Short lyric love poem, Renaissance secular work
Doctrine of the Affections
Baroque doctrine of the union of text and music
Basso continuo
Continuous bass, performance with a bass and bass melody
Terraced dynamics
Common in baroque music. This is the use of different levels of volume in this type of music.
Concerto Grosso
Small group of solo instuments
castrato
Castrated male
Virtuoso
Person of great musical ability
ritornello
Short, recurring instrumental passage found in the aria and Baroque concerto
prelude and fugue
Paired movements the prelude in a free form the fugue in a strict imitative form
Concerto Solo
soloist with an orchestra background
Sonata-allegro mvt.
First section is the exposition, second is the development, third section is the recapitulation
theme and variations
A theme is stated and then variations of the theme come after
Binary
Two part form, each section is normally repeated
ternary
Three part form- A statement, B contrast, A repetition
minuet and trio
Third movement of the classical multimovement cycle, ternary form ABA
Rondo
The first section usually reoccurs
sonata
several movements for solo or small ensemble
Cadenza
Solo at the end of an aria or a concerto
aria
lyric song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, intense emotion
recitative
solo vocal declamation that follows the infection of the text often resulting in a disjunct vocal style
strophic
same music is repeated every stanza
through-composed
composed beginning to end without repetitions of large sections
idee fixe
Links different movements of work
leitmotif
basic reoccurring theme
Program music
instrumental music based on literature
nationalism
Folk or music inspired by the nation
chamber music
made up about 10 players, one for each part
Impressionism
French, exotic
Expressionism
Germany and Austria, literary form of music
Sprechstimme
vocal style by Arnold Schoenberg, exact pitches