| When was the Medieval ages? |
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| 476-1450; almost 1,000 years |
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| When was the Renaissance Ages? |
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| set order of services, structure of each service in the church. |
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| 2 or 3 notes per syllable |
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| What is a plainchant or Gregorian Chant? |
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- monophonic – one syllable per note.
- nonmetric – beat irregular or not easy to find.
- Latin text.
- Pope Gregory organized music.
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| What was the Church language? |
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- Oral transmission.
- neumes – early notation
- modes – scale patterns
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| What are the two types of music in the daily Mass? |
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- proper – changed with the season by the calender.
- ordinary – stayed the same all year round.
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| two or more voices combined into music. |
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| What is the earliest form of polyphonic? |
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| Where was the first organum performed? |
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| in the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris |
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| Where was secular music performed? |
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| in courts for the King and Queen |
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| Secular songs were sung what? |
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| monophonically, with improvised accompaniment. |
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| sponsorship to play music. Most came from the church. |
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| a drama meant to teach “good values” |
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| French music, the most important form of early polyphonic music. |
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| Who was Hildegard von Bingen? |
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| A German woman composer who composed religious poetry with music and came up with morality play. |
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| was the first person who used polyphonic and the earliest composer of organum. |
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| followed Leonin, but added 3-4 vioces to organum. |
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| Who was Gaullaume de Machaut? |
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- French composer
- a cleric and courtier (who works for the church and the court).
- He wrote motets, chansons, and wrote the first polyphonic setting of the Mass Ordinary
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| What is the difference between Medieval and Renaissance motets? |
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- Medieval Motet = mostly secular.
- Renaissance Motet = mostly sacred.
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| singing with no instruments |
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| notes and rhythm matched to words of a song. |
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| fixed melody, used as the basis for a new composition. |
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| What does vernacular mean? |
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| Early Masses were based on what type of music? |
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| Gregorian chant and cantus firmus |
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| What consisted of the Renaissance Motet? |
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- Single Latin text
- Marian motets (Virgin Mary)
- Written for 3, 4, or more voices.
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| What is the Protestant Reformation? |
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| an up-rise against the church |
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| What was the counter reformation? |
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| the reaction of the church to the protestant reformation. |
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| What consisted of the Council of Trent? |
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- Corruption of chant by embellishment.
- Use of certain instruments in religious services.
- Incorporation of popular music in Masses.
- Secularism of music.
- Irreverent attitude of church musicians.
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| What made up professional musicians? |
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| courts and civic functions (people who had money). |
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| Where did merchant-class amateurs play music? |
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| They played and sang at home. |
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| Women studied music as part of their being what? |
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| well educated and higher class |
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| Chanson were what type of French song? |
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| What was the chief form of Renaissance? |
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| Italian madrigals where what? |
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| short poem of lyric or reflective nature. |
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| Englans adopted what type of music? |
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- the Italian madrigal.
- England lightened and shortened it in style.
- Section included syllables fa-la-la
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Made sacred and secular music.
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| Was the Protestant Reformation leader. |
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- known for Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina and Pope Marcellus.
- Italian composer, organist, and choirmaster.
- Sistine Chapel Choir to Pope Julius III
- Wrote mostly sacred music.
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- Active in 1590s in Dublin, Ireland.
- Organists and master of Choirboys at Christ Church.
- Later moved to England.
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| What was Hildegard known for? |
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| Alleluia, O virga mediatrix |
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| What was Machaut known for? |
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| What was Josquin known for? |
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| What was Palestrina known for? |
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| Pope Marcellus Mass, “Gloria” |
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| What was Farmer known for? |
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