TEMPO
BASIC PACE OF THE MUSIC SPEED OF THE BEAT
SYNCOPATION
ACCENTING OF A NOTE AT UNEXPECTED TIME AS BETWEEN TWO BEATS OR ON A WEAK BEAT
DOWNBEAT
FIRST OR STRESSED BEAT OF A MEASURE
METER
ORGANIZATION OF BEATS INTO REGULAR GROUPS
MEASURE
GROUP CONTAINING A FIXED NUMBER OF BEATS
RYTHEM
FLOW OF MUSIC THROUGH TIME
TIME SIGNATURE
METER SIGNATURE-PLACED AT BEGINNING OF STAFF -FRACTION NUMBER- REPRESENTS THE METER OF A PIECE
DOT BESIDE A NOTE
INCREASED NOTE DURATION BY HALF
TREBLE CLEF
NOTATION ON A STAFF TO INDICATE RELATIVELY HIGH PITCH RANGES ON A PIANO USUALLY PLAYED WITHTHE RIGHT HAND
CLEF
SYMBOL PLACED AT THE BEGINNING OF THE STAFF TO SHOW THE EXACT PITCH OF NOTES PLACED ON EACH LINE AND SPACE
STAFF
SET OF 5 HORIZONTIAL LINES BETWEEN OR ON WHICH NOTES ARE PLACED
NATURAL
NOTATION USED TO CANCEL A PREVIOUS SHARP OR FLAT SIGN
METRONOME
APPARATUS THAT PRODUCES A TICKING OR FLASH OF LIGHT AT A CONSTANT SPEEN
RITARDARDO
BECOMING SLOWER
MELODY
SERIES OF SINGLE TONES THAT ADD UP TO A RECOGNIZABLE WHOLE
STACCATO
SHORT DETACHED MANNER OF PERFORMING A MELODY
DISSONANCE
TONE COMBINATION THAT IS UNSTABLE AND TENSE
CONSONANCE
TONE COMBINATION THE IS STABLE AND RESTFUL
CHORD
COMBINATION OF THREE OR MORE TONES SOUNDED AT ONCE
CADENSE
RESTING PLACE AT THE END OS A PHASE IN A MELODY 2- PROGRESSION GIVING A SENSE OF CONCLUSION OFTEN FROM THE DOMINATE CHORD TO THE TONIC CHORD
RESOLUTION
PROGRESSION FROM A DISSONNANCE TO ACONSONANCE
TONIC CHORD
TRIAD BUILT ON THE FIRST OR TONIC NOTE OF A SCALE SERVING AS THE MAIN CHORD OF A PIECE USUALLY BEGINNING AND ENDING IT
DOMINATE CHORD
tRIAD BUILT ON THE FIFTH NOT OF THE SCALE WHICH SETS UP TENSION THAT IS RESOLVED BY THE TONIC CHORD
ARPEGGIO
BROKEN CHORD-SOUNDING OF INDIVIDUAL TONES OF A CHORD IN SEQUENCE RATHER THAN SIMUTANEOUSLY
KEYNOTE,TONIC,CENTRAL TONE
cENTRAL TONE OF A MELODY A LARGER PIECE OF MUSIC WHEN A PIECE IS IN THE KEY OF c MAJOR FOR EXAMPLE c IS THE KEY NOTE
KEY TONALITY
cENTRAL NOTE SCALE AND CHORD WITHIN A PIECE IN TEALTIONSHIP TO WHICH ALL OTHER TONES IN A COMPOSITION ARE HEARD
KEY SIGNATURE
sHARPS OR FLAT SIGNS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE CLEF SIGH AT THE BEGINNING OF A PIECE OF MUSIC INDICATES THE KEY THE MUSIC IS TO BE PLAYED IN
CYCLES PER SECOND
VIBRATIONS CAUSING A CERTAIN FREQUENCY 440-880 ETC PITCH
CONTRABASSON
DOUBLE -REED WOODWIND INSTRUMENT WITH A REGISTRAR ONE OCTAVE LOWER THAN THAT OF A BASSON
BRASS INSTRUMENTS
FIRST HAD VALVES AROUND 1850
TIMPANI-
KETTLE DRUMS,DEFINITE PITCH,SHAPED LIKE LARGE KETTLES WITH CALFS SKIN OR PLASTIC STRECHED ACROSS TOPS PLAYED WITH SOFT PADDED MALLETS
TAMBOURINE
PERCUSSION OF INDEFINITE PITCH CONSTRUCTED OF A SKIN STRETCHED ACROSS A SHALLOW CYLINDER WITH SMALL CIRCULAR PLATES SET INTO THE CYLINDER WHICH JINGLE WHEN THE SKIN IS STRUCK OR CYLINDER IS SHAKEN
PIANO HAS 88 KEYS
88 KEYS 52 WHITE 36 BLACK
DAMPER PEDALS
RIGHT PEDAL= PIANIST SUSTAINS TONES EVEN AFTER KEYS ARE RELEASED
PIPE ORGAN
KEYBOARD INSTRUMENT WITH MANY SETS OF PIPES HAS 2 OR MORE KEYBOARDS INCLUDES A PEDAL KEYBOARD PLAYED WITH THE ORGANIST FEET THE KEYS CONTROL VALVES FROM WHICH AIR IS BLOWN ACROSS THROUGH OPENINGS IN THE PIPES
ORGAN STOPS
VARIOUS SETS OF PIPES ARE BROUGHT INTO PLAY BY PULLING KNOBS CALLED STOPS
MIDI
USED FOR INTERFACING SMNTHESIZER EQUIPTMENT- MUSICAL INSTRUMENT DIGITAL INTERFACING
VIVACE
LIVELY TEMPO
RHYTHM
THE FLOW OF MUSIC THROW TIME PATTERNS OF DURATION OF NOTES AND SILENCES IN MUSIC
MODULATION
SHIFT FROM ONE KEY TO ANOTHER WITH IN SAME PIECE
MUSICAL TEXTURE
NUMBER OF LAYERS OF SOUND THAT ARE HEARD AT ONCE, WHAT KINDS OF LAYER THEY ARE AND HOW THEY RELATE TO EACH OTHER
MONOPHONIC
SINGLE MELODIC LINE WITHOUT ACCOMPANIMENT
HOMOPHONIC
ONE MAIN MELODY IS ACCOMPANIED BE CHORDS
POLYPHONIC
PERFORMANCE OF 2 OR MORE MELODIC LINES OF RELATIVELY EQUAL INTEREST AT SAME TIMES
FORM
ORGANIZATION OF MUSICAL IDEAS IN TIME
THREE PART FORM
ABA=FORM REPRESENTED AS STATEMENT-A= CONTRAST—B=RETURN OF STATEMENT—A =CONTRAST
CONCERT MASTER
PRINCIPLE 1ST VIOLINIST IN AN ORCHESTRA
IMPROVISATION
CREATION OF MUSIC AT TIME IT IS BEING PERFORMED
EMBELLISHMENTS
ORNAMENTAL TONES THAT ARE EITHER IMPROVISED BY THE PERFORMER OR INDICATED IN THE MUSIC BY SIGNS OR NOTES IN SMALL PRINT
CONTRALTO
FEMALE VOICE OF LOW RANGE = ALTO
REGISTRAR
PART OF THE TOTAL RANGE OF AN INSTRUMENT OR VOICE -THE TONE COLOR OF THE INSTRUMENT OR VOICE MAY VARY WITH THE REGISTRAR IN WHICH IT IS PLAYED OR SUNG
WOODWIND INSTRUMENTS
INSTRUMENT WHOSE SHOUND IS PRODUCED BY VIBRATIONS OF AIR IN A TUBE:HOLES ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE TUBES ARE OPENED AND CLOSED BY THE FINGERS ON OR BY PADS TO CONTROL PITCH
PIZZICATO
MEANS OF PLAYING A STRINGED INSTRUMENT BY WHICH THE STRINGS ARE PLUCKED USUALLY WITH THE FINGERS OF THE RIGHT HAND
HOW DOES ONE TUNE A VIOLIN / GUITAR
BY TIGHTENING OR LOOSENING THE STRINGS BY TURNING THE PEGS EACH STRING IS TUNED TO A DIFFERENT PITCH BY TIGHTENING OR LOOSENING THE PEGS
HORSEHAIR/BOWS
USED TO STRING BOWS TIGHTLY STRUNG HORSE HAIRS BETTER QUALITY OF SOUND THAN SYNTHETIC
TIMBRE/TONE COLOR
QUALITY OF SOUND THAT DISTINGUISHES ONE INSTRUMENT FROM ANOTHER
DIMINISENDO
GRADUALLY SOFTER
CRESENDO
GRADUALLY LOUDER
PIANO
SOFT ALSO WIDLY USED DEYBOARD INSTRUMENT GREAT RANGE AND VERSATILITY OF SOUND PRODUCED BY FELT HAMMERS STRINKING STEEL STRINGS
PIANISSIMO
SOFTLY AS POSSIBLE
DYNAMICS
DEGREE OF LOUDNESS OR SOFTNESS IN MUSIC
PITCH RANGE
DISTANCE BETWEEN THE HIGHEST AND LOWEST TONE THAT A GIVEN INSTRUMENT OR VOICE CAN REACH
RANGE OF A SINGERS VOICE DEPENDS ON
BOTH TRAINING AND PHYSICAL MAKEUP
MUSIC
ART BASED ON ORGANIZATION OF SOUND IN TIME
4 MAIN PROPERTIES OF MUSIC
PITCH, TONE COLOR, DYNAMICS, DURATION
INTERVALS
DISTANCE IN PITCH BETWEEN ANY TWO SOUNDS
TONE
SOUND THAT HAS A DEFINITE PITCH OR QUALITY
CYCLES PER SECOND
VIBRATION FREQUENCY – DETERMINES PITCH OF A SOUND
PITCH
HIGHNESS OR LOWNESS
OCTAVE
440 VIBRATINS TO 880 VIBRATIONS TWICE THE FREQUENCY OF THE LESSER TONE INTERVALS BETWEEN 2 SOUNDS
TIMBRE-TONE COLOR
QUALITY OF A SOUND THAT DISTINGUISHES ONE INSTRUMENT OR VOICE FROM ANOTHER
DURATION
THE LENGTH A MUSICAL SOUND LAST
FREQUENCY
TONE HAS A SPECIFIC FREQUENCY 220-440-880
BEAT
REGULAR RECURRING PULSATIONS THAT DIVIDES MUSIC INTO EQUAL UNITS OF TIME