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lowest classification of the male voice
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highest classification of the female voice
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Changing voice of the adolescent male
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adult male voice who cultivates the use of falsetto
(false voice)
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reedless instrument
woodwind instrument
plays the highest note in the symphony orchestra
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deliberate upsetting of the normal accent
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in music refers to tone color
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is the most common chord in music,
a combination based on 3 notes
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movement and relationship of chords
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what do the Greeks call rhythm?
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“flow”
denotes the controlled movement
of music in time
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short phrase that is repeated over and
over in the bass staff while the
upper voices pursue their varied courses
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is a unit usually 4 measures in length
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is usually 32 measures in length
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double reed instrument
tune quality is very nasal
soprano, woodwind family
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plays the lowest notes
in the double- reed family
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soprano of the bass instruments
tone quality is brassy
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rose to its greatest prominence
in the 16 th century
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is lower in range than the “viola”
and is tuned an octave below the viola
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definite pitched percussion instrument
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falls into two categories:
those of definite pitch
&
those of indefinite pitch
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sits on the conductors left as
he faces the orchestra
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is to pluck the violin section rather than to bow
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explains the pattern of musical notes
within a measure
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are regarded as simple meters;
all other meters are compund
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the meter signature of the “Waltz”
is 3/4
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Meter Signature of a “March”
is 2/4
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In a symphony orchestra,
it is the most important
group of instruments
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a modern orchestra has
this number of strings
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are “less homogenous” group
than are the strings
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Some bassoon players tend to become
mentally ill.
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The human voice is the most
personal of all instruments.
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sounds one octave higher than a male voice
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time signature “3/4” means=
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there are 3 beats to a measure &
that the quarter note gets one beat
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Standard trumpet has 3 valves.
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Crescendo and Accelerando
are not synonymous.
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consists of two violins,
viola & cello
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instrument of african & south america origin
has been used for the performance of
dance music
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A “tweleve tone scale” is
a chromatic scale.
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Ordinarily there are 4 movements
in a symphony
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distance between two tones
or notes
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music brings on a state of
tension or
“unpleasant sound”
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Guitar=
is very old instrument
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Oboe=
used to tune the orchestra
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in music is a complex
“musical idea”
several measures long
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“simple music idea”
sometimes consisting of a few notes
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inspired by ideas concerning
the organization of musical
materials and forms
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Musical forms
most familiar form is A B A
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Church hymn is a
“homophonic”
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mutes are now used in the
symphony orchestra
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contains all the pitches
between a given
note and its octave
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is a diatomic scale
contains half and whole steps
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must have whole and half steps
is a major scale
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was invented by
Adolph Sax of Brussels
in the mid- 19th century
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most complex &
ambitious
form of imitation
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in program music are
usually pointed out
in the title
(such as Peter and the Wolf)
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Sonata- Allegro
#4 Recapitulation
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is where the theme is stated for the last time
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Simplest rondo is a
diagrammed A B A C A
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generally speaking Music
is an universal language
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is created by a succession of pitches,
each pitch being heard in relationship to the preceding
and following pitches
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Allegro=
a term in music,
means to go fast
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The symphony orchestra was
standardized in 18th century
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Most common means
of recurrence is
repetition
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Melody=
moves horizaontally
on the music staff
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The pattern for a
major scale is
1 1- 1/2 – 1 1 1- 1/2
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Pitch=
length
thickness
tension
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Bamboo flute=
earliest wind instruments
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Counterpoint=
is melody against melody
(2 or more at the same time)
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some woodwind instruments
are constructed of wood
others metal
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Mezzo- Piano (mp)=
indicates to sing
or
play medium soft
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Some tubas have 5 valves: T
they can also have less, 3 or 4: T
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A chord is built vertically
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has a primary melody
supported by chords
Ex: hymn
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Monophonic music=
is a single line of music
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one of the simplest
forms of
“canon” is the round
T/ F: one of the simplest
forms of rondo is
round
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combines 2 or more
“independent”
melodic lines
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If the answer begins
before the subject is concluded
an overlapping effect
called “stretto” results
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Episode=
is a musical idea
separating one
theme from another
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Motet=
a religious or sacred work
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Tone poem=
is a programmatic composition
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is a work for instrument
with piano accompaniment
or piano alone.
usually 3 movements= fast, slow, fast
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Opera=
programatic composition
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Violin=
is a 16th century instrument
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is a setting of 5
portions of the
solemn service of the
roman catholic church
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in music, is a presentation
of narrative or descriptive detail
to broken chords of music
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refers to monophonic music
one vocal line
(Gregorian chant)
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Ballet=
an art form combining the
element of music
with those of the dance
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Sousaphone=
is used in marching bands
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A good modern orchestra
has about 100 players
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Horns had valves
about the mid- 19th century
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Harp=
seems to have an
ancient origin in
the near east
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Grand staff=
in music is the combination of
treble staff and the bass staff
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Celesta=
looks like a miniature
upright piano &
is operated by a keyboard
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one of the earliest “orchestra ensemble”
was established in Paris
by Jean Baptiste Lully
in the mid 17th century
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