conjunct vs disjunct
small and narrow intervals.
Ex of conjunct: mary had a little lamb.
Ex of disjunct: taaaaaake me out to the baaaaaaal game.
Dissonant/consonan
sounds that aren’t pleasing/sounds that are pleasing.
Theoretical construct. Ascending or descending series of tones proceeding by a specific scheme of intervals.
Scale
Frequency
pitch
Timbre
the specific quality or color of a musical sound
a unit of harmony
chord
What is pitch bending?
Changing the sound of a pitch
Tonal center
pitch of greatest stability
Underlying pulse in music
beat
how they correspond to underlying pulse
syncopation
One and only one line of music
monophony
Two musical lines with one leading and the other following
heterophony
two or more lines; independently
polyphony
speed
tempo
process of changing tonal center.
modulation
two or more performers divide the notes of a melody between themselves.
hocket
What is the kotekan?
melodic elaboration performed in upper register metallophones. Polos (on the beat) and sangsih (off the beat)
7 music universals
vocal music, utilizes instruments, ritual or sacred events, delineates musical pieces, some organization, a way to experience mood, reinforce social groups.
Hornbostel-Sachs
Aerophones, chordophones, membranophones, idiophones
What is field-work?
Actually going out to the place to practice.
Another word for steel drum
pan
steel band competition held in T just prior to carnival
Panorama
important features of panorama
only t bands, one arrangement, gets judged.
Lord Kitch
calypso singer, long career, own tent for 30 years.
Soca
its like house music. Meant for dancing. Less clever lyrics.
Tamboo Bamboo
evolution of steel drums. Started out with this.
Ellie Manette
important name in steel drums.
developments that led to modernization of steel drum
55 gallon barrel, concave playing surfaced, wrapped sticks, chromatic tuning.
Describe panorama arrangement?
Arranger: create an arrangement, teach it (most players can’t read music)
Clave?
two wooden sticks or 5-note rhythm.
Three styles of salsa
Son Munto, Bolero, Cha Cha Cha
Mento
rural music
Ska
skank, horn sections, fast tempo, constant churning bass line, instrument only often. Developments in sound systems and electric instruments.
Rock Steady
tempo slowed down compared to Ska, horn section gone, bass line-use of rest or space in bass line – lyrical content.
Salsa instruments
vocals, horns, piano, base, percussion
Collection of pitches
raga
indian term for meter
tala
fixed and devotional composition
kriti
what is bollywood?
indian hollywood
Function of drone
tonal sound
Melody is very ornamented
gamakas
2 characteristics of raga
has rules as to how pitches are used, has a certain extramusical association.
Alapana
type of improv. Only melodic players (no drumming). Free rhythm. No tala. Beginning of kriti.
Structure of a kriti
improv, composed, improv.
Sisy
student of guru
what is a jeli?
artisan, shaper of sound. determined by blood line either male or female.
pentatonic. 12 bars. loose key design. 3 players
amadina xylophone.
4 musical functions in african music
time keeper, lead drum, emphasis of time keeper, supporting drums.
Pygmy african music
Central Africa. Few instruments. Very vocal.
What is the ma?
space or pause in the music. allows listeners to appreciate previous sound and increases drama
Enka songs
melodramatic sappy love songs, mundane issues, popular among middle aged
Kouta
short song, use of shamisen to accompany, female composers, linked to geisha
Shamisan
accompanies Tayu, directs the action. Moves play forward. Creates part from memory or spontaneously.
Tayu
powerful performer, provides character voices, uses aid of text, circle book
Shakuhachi
end blown bamboo flute
Traditional music characteristics of Japanese music
variety of timbres, subtle differences, nature sounds from non-pitched instruments. “non musical” sounds.