Melody
An organized series of pitches

Tune

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Melody

A simple, easily singable, catchy melody is a _______. It is a special kind of _________.

1. Division into phrases – Tunes fall into smaller sections called phrases.

2. Balance b/t phrases – For a good tune, the main requirement is that we sense a balance b/t the phrases, in terms of phrase lengths so that taken together the phrases add up to a well proportioned whole.

3. Parallelism and Contrast – Use of similar pitches, rhythm etc. throughout various phrases. Use of sequence – duplication of a phrase at 2 or more different pitches. Or via the use of contrasting phrases – length, pitch etc.

4. Climax and Cadence – = Form – beginning, middle, end. Climax – high point. Cadences – use of interim stopping or pausing places.

Name and explain the four characteristics of a Tune…

Motive

Tunes and phrases

A _________ is a distinctive fragment of melody, distinctive enough that it can be easily recognized when it returns again within a long composition. They are shorter than _______ and _______.

Theme

Function not the nature

_______ is the most general term for the basic subject matter of longer pieces of music. Refers to ________ not the ________ of musical material. Anything can serve as this such as a melody, phrase, motive or tone color.
Accompaniments
Melodies together with other sounds i.e. a folk singer singing and playing a guitar is playing a song its accompaniment.
Chords
Groupings of simultaneous pitches that work well in combination.
Harmonized
A song is said to be __________ when the changing chords provide a sort of constantly shifting sound-background for the song.
Harmony
the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chords – has to do with vertical aspect of the chords.
Consonance
Chords that sound at rest
Octaves
_________ are the most consonant of intervals.
Dissonance aka discord.
Chords that sound tense
Half Steps
______ _____ are the most dissonant of chords
Consonance and dissonance depend on ________ that are sounding simultaneously to make up the chords.
Intervals

Resolved

Expectation

Cadences

A dissonance is said to be ___________ when it is followed by consonance. This provides ________ within the music. ________ are useful in creating dissonance.
Texture
________ is the term used to refer to the blend of various sounds and melodic lines occurring simultaneously in music.

Melody

Texture

When plotting the pitch/time graph we see that ________ exists horizontally and ________ vertically.
Monophony
_________ is the term for the simplest texture.
Heterophony
________ is a texture in which subtly different versions of a single melody are presented simultaneously.
Homophonic
When there is only one melody of real interest and it is combined with other sounds, the texture is called ___________.

Polyphonic

independent and of equal interest

Harmony

When two or more melodies are played or sung simultaneously. The melodies are said to be _________ and of ________ interest. This type of music automatically has _______.

Monophony

Heterophony

Homophony

Polyphony

Name the four types of textures.
Contrapuntal aka Counterpoint
A word often used for polyphnic texture is ___________. Which is the technique of writing two or more ___________ that fit together.

Imitative polyphony

Row row row your boat

____________ ___________ results when the various lines sounding together use the same or fairly similar melodies, with one coming shortly after another. Example?

Non-imitative polyphony

Jazz music 

_____________ ___________ occurs when the melodies are essentially different from one another, yet played at the same time.

Example?

Tonality and Modality
Two aspects of Harmony are?

Tonality

Tonal

Tonic x2

_______ is the homing instinct that we sense in melodies. The music in question is described as _______. The home pitch is called the ______ pitch or simply _______.
Modality
The term for different ways of centering the diatonic scale is _________. The different tonic pitches are said to determine the different ________ of music.

Major

Minor

Music with the do or C as the tonic is in the _______ mode, music with the la or A as the tonic is in the ________ mode.
Semitone
Half-Step is also known as ________.

Chromatic

Keys

Thanks to the _________ scale with its 12 notes, you can construct both the major and minor modes starting at any note at all. Therefore these modes can be constructed on any pitch; these different positions for the modes are called _______.
24
There is a total of ___ major and minor keys.

Modulations

12 Days of Christmas “5 GOLDEN RINGS”

Changes of the tonic note are called _____________. I.e. ?

Rhythm, pitch, melody

Dynamics, tone color and texture

6 Elements of form in music

Form

a form

_____ referes to the organization of elements in a musical work, but _________ referes to one of many standardized formal patterns that composers have used for centuries.

Genre

Form

 

Music is better defined by its ______ rather than its _____. In this way, music may be defined by its text, function, or by the performing forces.
Legato
Melodious – typical of the bassoon.
Fugue
A composition written symmetrically in imitative polyphony usually with a single main theme.