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a tone used in music with attributes of pitch, length, amplitude, timbre, etc. |
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observed the harmonic scale, formulated diatonic scale, and established the early rules of harmony |
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distance between two notes |
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the general outline of a melody |
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a subdivision of a melody |
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feeling of finality at the end of a phrase or melody |
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pattern of when notes occur in time. |
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occurring before the downbeat |
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first beat of the measure |
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occurring between strong beats |
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offset from the main beat |
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rules for combining notes at the same time. |
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organization of harmony around a tonic or key. |
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any set of notes sounded together. |
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chord built on the 1st note of the scale. |
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chord built on the 4th of the scale. |
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chord built on the 5th of the scale. |
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What are the Scales terms? |
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Diatonic – 7 notes scale Chromatic – notes between the diatonic notes Major – where the 3rd is higher Minor – where the 3rd is lower Syllables – do re mi fa so la ti |
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What are the Instrumental performance terms? |
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Staccato – Short articulation of notes Vibrato – vibrating the pitch Pizzicato – plucking the strings Col Legno – hitting the bow stick on strings Tremolo – shaking sound |
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What are the female voices from highest to lowest? |
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Soprano Mezzo Soprano Alto |
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What are the male voices from highest to lowest? |
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What are the String instruments? |
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The upper ones are the Violin and the Viola. The lower ones are the Cello and the Double Bass. |
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upper Flute Oboe Clarinet lower Bassoon |
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What are the Brass instruments? |
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upper Trumpet French horn lower Trombone Tuba |
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What are the percussion instruments? |
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timpani are low, used the most in classical symphonies. |
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Generally they consist of non-strings. (Winds, Brass, Percussion) |
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What is a symphony orchestra? |
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Symphony orchestras are more recent (1750s on) and are distinguished from bands by the strings. |
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What are the four major families in the symphony orchestra? |
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Strings, Woodwinds, Brass and Percussion |
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What is the String Quartet? |
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1st Violin 2nd Violin Viola Cello |
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What is the woodwind quintet? |
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Flute Oboe Clarinet Bassoon French horn |
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What is the brass quintet? |
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1st Trumpet 2nd Trumpet French horn Trombone Tuba |
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Which quintet/quartet is the most important? |
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What is a Chamber Orchestra? |
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has no strict definition in size, but is generally smaller than 30 members, with the same instrument groups as a symphony (Strings, Woodwinds, Brass and Percussion ) |
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What are the musical textures? What do they mean? |
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Monophonic – a single part or line of music; Best example is chant.
Polyphonic – multiple parts, each one being very independent; Best example is from Renaissance or Baroque fugue. Imitation is frequently a device used in polyphonic music. Fugues, Canons, Rounds are all imitative forms.
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Homophonic – A melody set to a simple accompaniment, Best example is Recitativo.
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