Doctrine of affections
a philosophy of the emotional power of music (Baroque)
Florentine Camerata
invented opera as a revival of ancient Greek drama (Baroque)
What are the Elements of Opera?
Recitativo – created as a type of singing narrative, which in opera accelates the plot
Arias- Airs or songs, mostly performed by soloists
Chorus- large voice ensemble, (Greek:Dance)
Dance- stage dance is especially important in opera in the Baroque
Overture- orchestral introduction to the opera
(Baroque)
What was the 1st opera?
Eurydice by Jacopo Peri (Baroque)
What was the first public opera?
Orfeo by Claudio Monteverdi (Baroque)
What do Oratorios and Cantatas share with Opera?
the same elements as opera besides dance
Recitativo – created as a type of singing narrative, which in opera accelates the plot
Arias- Airs or songs, mostly performed by soloists
Chorus- large voice ensemble
Overture- orchestral introduction to the opera
(Baroque)
Basso Continuo
accompanies Recitatives, is the most characteristic feature of Baroque music
– played by harpsichord, cello, bass, organ (Baroque)
Sonata
originally, a generic instrumental work (pg. 120)
Da Camera- similar format as a suite
Da Chiesa- four movements, each in binary form
Trio sonata- sonata for a trio, develops into standard sonata ( 2 hands on keyboard and a featured instrument)
(Baroque)
Concerto
work for orchestra and soloist (Baroque)
Concerto Grosso
with multiple soloists
-ritornello form
-ripieno, concertino (Baroque)
Suite (Collection of Dance movements)
(pg. 128)
A B- binary
A B A- ternary
(Baroque)
Fugue
pg. 105
polyphonic, imitative work for 3/4 voices
Subject
Countersubject
Answer
Epsiodes
Stretto
Pedal Point
Inversion
Retrograde
Augmentation
Diminution
(Baroque)
Archtype for Fugue
JS Bach writes the archtype for fugue. He frequently began with a prelude. Later in history fugue used in other works as a developmental idea (fugato)
(Baroque)
When was the Baroque Era?
1600-1750
When was the Classical era?
1750-1827
What were the new genres in the Classical Era?
Symphony and String Quartet (Classical)
What are the four movement configurations typical in symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas?
movement 1- Sonata- allegro form
movement 2- Slow movement – typically Theme and Variations
movement 3- Minuet and Trio
movement 4- Fast- typically Rondo or Sonata-Rondo form
(Classical)
Sonata-allegro form (Four movement configurations typical in symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas)
and is the 1st moevement
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation
[Coda]
(Classical)
Theme and Variations (Four movement configurations typical in symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas)
2nd movement the theme is repeated over and over and is changed each time.
(A) variation 1
(A’) variation 2
(A”) variation 3 and so on(Classical)
Minuet and Trio (Four movement configurations typical in symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas)
movement 3
A B A (Classical)
Rondo (Four movement configurations typical in symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas)
movement 4- fast
A B A C A (Classical)