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| having more than one voice . |
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| a type of texture characterized by the simultaneous variation of a single melodic line. |
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| – musical texture based primarily on chords, in contrast to polyphony, which results from combinations of relatively independent melodies. In homophony, one part, usually the highest, tends to predominate and there is little rhythmic differentiation between the parts, whereas in polyphony, rhythmic distinctiveness reinforces melodic autonomy. |
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| process of moving from one key area to another. |
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| manner in which two or more melodic lines are combined and juxtaposed to produce pleasing and technically correct intermingling. |
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| arrival at harmonic rest. |
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| in opera and related genres, a vocal passage imitating the rhythms and inflections of speech often a recitative is followed by an aria. When crisply delivered and accompanied by simple chords in the continuo, the recitative is considered secco(dry); with orchestra it is accompagnato. |
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| composition for solo voice, usually a movement for a larger work. |
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| Opera seria built upon the conventions of the High Baroque era by developing and exploiting the da capo aria, with its A-B-A form. The first section presented a theme, the second a complementary one, and the third a repeat of the first with ornamentation and elaboration of the music by the singer. As the genre developed and arias grew longer, a typical opera seria would contain not more than thirty musical movements. |
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| tone color that distinguishes the character of an instrumental or vocal sound. |
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| accompanimental figure for the left hand in keyboard music, named after the composer Dominic |
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| in Baroque music, a continuously sounding bass part over which the rest of the composition is built. |
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| group of several pitches sung to a single syllable. |
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| work built on an ostinato bass (or ground bass), often a descending chromatic bass. |
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| passage of improvisatory display for the soloist, especially in a concerto. |
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| (also known as tone painting or text painting) is the musical technique of writing music which reflects the literal meaning of a song. |
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| unpleasantness or instability perceived in certain intervals and chords. |
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| musical stability as perceived in certain intervals and chords. |
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| congregational hymn of the Lutheran church. |
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| musical procedure where a second voice is generated by following a rule |
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| dry. Recitativo secco is recitative delivered rapidly in speech rhythms and accompanied by the continuo force or a keyboard instrument. |
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| a slow, stately Spanish dance in triple time. |
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