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| larger portable tape player |
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| the first one went on sale in 1983 and surpassed vinyl record by 1988 |
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| stood for music television, became the preferred way of releasing a new song or act |
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| Analog recording/digital recording |
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| changed the sounds to 0s and 1s |
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| device allowing you to synthesize sounds |
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| capable of storing both prerecorded and synthesized sounds |
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| devices that record musical data rather than musical sound and enable |
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| performers strum and activate drum pads triggering the production of sampled sounds |
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| Michael Jackson, Thriller |
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| short movie like music video, appealed to a very large audience |
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| In May 1983, Jackson appeared on the television special 25 Years of Motown and introduced this dance while performing “Billie Jean” from Thriller. |
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| Bruce Springsteen, Born in the USA |
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| rebellious rock’n’roller, songs reflected his working class origins |
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| performed with Bruce Springsteen |
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| controversial album he recorded in South Africa |
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| Ladysmith Black Mambazo, Paul Shabalala |
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| Homeless,” in which both the words (in Zulu and English) and the music were co-written by Simon and Joseph Shabalala of Ladysmith Black Mambazo |
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| Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This), Here Comes the Rain Again |
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| What’s Love Have to Do With It, Proud Mary |
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| Sledgehammer, In Your Eyes |
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| Born in the USA, Cover Me |
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| You Can Call Me Al, Homeless |
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| Like a Virgin, Material Girl |
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| Purple Rain, When Doves Die |
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| I Will Always Love You, I Wanna Dance With Somebody |
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| All Night Long, Three Times a Lady |
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| Hit Me With Your Best Shot, Love is a Battlefield |
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| mid 1980’s saw rap come into the main stream |
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| cofounded in 1984 by Russell Simmons and Rick Rubin, picked up where sugar hill records left off |
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| in 1988 MTV launced the first show dedicated to hip-hop |
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| largest selling music periodical, was dedicated to hip-hop |
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| Chronicled the dilemmas faced by urban communities from a first-person, present-tense viewpoint |
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| West coast record label for gangsta rappers |
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| East coast record label for gangsta rappers |
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| up-tempo repetitive, electric dance music. Developed in NY, Chicago and Detroit |
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| parties where techno music was mainly played, included people using drugs like ecstasy |
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| developed in Chicago, mainly instrumentals developed around the country and world |
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| an alternative to TV, radio, record stores etc. |
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| In 1992, the commercial breakthrough for this genre was achieved by Nirvana, a band from the Pacific Northwest |
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| Indie rock/underground rock |
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| The most bands of this genre in the 1980s were R.E.M. (formed in 1980 in Athens, Georgia) and New York’s Sonic Youth (formed in New York City in 1981). |
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| extreme variation of punk, by bands in San Francisco; screaming lyrics or a wall of guitar chords. |
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| audience members pushed their way to the front of the stage, smashed into one another and occasional climbed up on stage diving off into the crowd |
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| blended the fast tempos and rebellious attitude of hardcore with the technical virtuosity of heavy metal guitar playing |
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| not as hard or fast, superstars like Metallica, anthrax etc. |
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| subgenre of alternative rock, fusion of punk, alternative and heavy metal |
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| replacement for “traditional music” The influence of American pop traveled across the world to many different countries |
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| Pakistani dance club music |
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| Australian Aboriginal rock music (the band Yothu Yindi) |
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Khan was a leading performer of qawwali, a genre of mystical
singing practiced by Sufi Muslims in Pakistan and India |
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| Walk This Way (With Aerosmith), It’s Tricky |
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| (You Gotta) Fight Fur Your Right (to Party), Brass Monkey |
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| Don’t Believe the Hype, Night of the Living Baseheads |
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| U Can’t Touch This, Too Legit to Quit |
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| What’s My Name, Young Wild & Free |
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| Wild Thing, Funky Cold Medina |
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| Losing My Religion, Stand |
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| Holiday in Cambodia, California Uber Alles |
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| Smells Like Teen Spirit, In Bloom |
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| Ani DiFracio (alternative folk) |
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| Not a Pretty Girl, Wishin’ and Hopin’ |
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| Lauryn Hill (alternative hip-hop) |
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| Doo Wop (That Thing), Ex-Factor |
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| K.D. Lang (alternative country) |
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| Constant Craving, Nowhere to Stand |
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| Conga, Rhythm is Gonna Get You |
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| Coma la Flor, Bidi Bidi Bom Bom |
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| Ja Funmbi, Somba/E Falaba Lewe |
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| The Face of Love (with Eddie Vedder) |
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| Where Does My Heart Beat Now?, My Heart Will Go On |
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| One Sweet Day (with Boyz II Men), Obsessed |
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| Forever and For Always, Man! I Feel Like a Woman |
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| Friends in Low Places, The Thunder Rolls |
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| whites fascination with African American music |
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| the fact that the was “black” and “white” music. A way of classifying humans into racial categories |
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| different stereotypes for men and women found in music |
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| the expression of working, middle, and upper class shown in music |
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| the creation of new styles, popular music plays an important role in creating youth cultures |
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| phonograph to radio to electric microphone to sound film to magnetic tape recording and long-playing disc to FM radio |
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| Clear Channel, vertical integration |
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| when one company had control over all facets of the business ie. Radio, tv, clubs, billboards etc |
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| digital file compression system, allows sound files to be compressed to 1/12th their original size. |
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| internet based software program that allowed computer users to share and swap files, music, through a centralized file server |
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| include Grokster, Morpheus and Kazaa. They claim to be exempt from copy right laws because in a peer-to-peer network there is no central server |
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| Apple computer, iPod, iTunes |
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| iPod was launched in 2001 and iTunes was launched in 2003 |
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| launched in 2003, musicians made recording available on MySpace pages but later sued for copyright infringements |
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| launched in 2005 which allows you to watch videos and listen to music for free |
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