Impressionism
French artistic movement of the late 19th/early 20th century; Vague forms/rhythms; extended harmonies; colorful orchestrations
Symbolism
Late 19th century artistic movement that stressed suggestion over precision; linked w/ impressionism
Expressionism
Early 20th century artistic movement in Germany & Austria; concerned w/ showing raw, often disturbing emotional states
Serialism
Compositional technique developed by Schoenberg in which all 12 tones of the chromatic scale are used as a structural unit.
Neo-Romanticism
Reaction to Expressionism & Serialism; Similar in style to Romantic music.
Electronic Music
Music in which some or all sounds are generated or manipulated electronically
Minimalism
Late 20th century musical style that uses repetitive patterns and surface-level figuration combined with slow or static harmonic foundations.
Aleatory Music
Music which is structured by indeterminacy, or chance.
Igor Stravinsky
lack of developmental techniques,
freeform, lack of tonal structure
non-functional harmony
use techniques of old composers, but not structure
Arnold Schoenberg
Serialist, very mechanical, link to old tradition, still writes gigues, not trying to redefine a genre, rhythmic and motivic unity
Aaron Copland
neo-romantic, identifies himself with the common man
chooses to write in an accessible way
rejects academic serialism
nationalist: american folk music/style
use of pentatonic scales
simple harmonic influence of jazz and blues
Musique Concrete
music with recorded sounds
Sprechstrimme
use of spoken word in music
Second Viennese School
Schoenberg, Berg, Webern