duplets
rhythms grouped in twos
triplets
rhythms grouped in threes
piano
a quiet dynamic; an instrument
forte
a loud dynamic
cresendo
softer to louder
diminuendo
louder to softer
sonata-allegro form
includes an exposition, a development and a recapitulation
exposition
states the main themes
development
takes the musical themes and builds on them
recapitulation
restates the main theme
coda
musical ending
strophic form
each stanza of song gets the same music
scherzo

quick, dance-like movement in triple meter

 

 

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Hint: “scare” – fast, quick,
 

 

libretto
text of an opera
singspiel
sing and talk, style of opera in which some text is spoken rather than entirely sung
sequence
idea which is repeated at a higher or lower pitch level
rubato

streching the tempo: slowing it down and speeding it up for expressive purposes

 

Hint: It’s rude to strech someone out.

program music
music that is inspired by a story or idea unrelated to music
tone poem
one-movement form found in music that tells a story
countermelody/obbligato
secondary theme that serves to accompany the first
through-composed

musical form that follows the ideas of the composer and does not have a formal structure.

 

Hint: Thoughts of composer

glissando
sliding between one note to the next
Wolfgang Mozart
1756-1791
Ludwig van-Beethoven

1770-1827

 

Hint: L looks like a 7 and B looks like an 8

Franz Schubert (Dates)
1797 -1828
Camile Saint-Saens (Dates)
1835-1921
John Philip Sousa (Dates)

1854-1932

 

*Think of civil war*

Paul Dukas (Dates)
1865-1935
George Gershwin (Dates)

1898-1937

 

*Think of the 20s*

Aaron Copland (Dates)
1900-1990
Erl-King

Form: through-composed

 

Composer: Franz Schubert

Danse Macabre

Form: Tone poem and through-composed

 

Composer: Camille Saint-Saens

Semper Fidelis

Form: compound binary form

 

Composer: John Philip Souza

 

Sorcerer’s Apprentice

Form: Tone poem and sonata-allegro form

 

Composer: Paul Dukas

Rhapsody in Blue

Forms: jazz piano concerto and orchestra extional form

 

Composer: George Gershwin

Theme and Variations on Simple Gifts/Appalachian Sprin

Forms: Orchestral compostitio

 

Composer: Aaron Copland

cadenza
showy solo passage, sometimes improvised, introduced near the end of an aria or a movement of a concerto
syncopation
a shifting of the normal accent, usually by stressing the normally unaccented beats
riff
a melodic phrase, often constantly repeated, forming an accompaniment or part of an accompaniment for a soloist.
homophonic texture
same melody, entire way through
contrapuntal
layers