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| Play the 1st ending the first time through; repeat the music, but skip over the 1st ending on the repeat and play the 2nd ending instead |
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| Play the note with a strong attack |
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| Changes the notes of the specific pitch within the measure either up or down, depending on the accidental; overrides the key signature temporarily |
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| Play in the style of a march |
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| The notes of a chord played one after another |
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| Indicates how a note should be played |
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| Indicates the fourth line of the staff is F |
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| Tells you to take a deep breath through your mouth |
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| A series of notes that move in half steps |
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| Leads groups of musicians using specific hand and arm patterns |
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| Help remind you of the key signature; occur after another accidental or recent key change; enclosed in parentheses |
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| Repeat from the beginning and play to the Fine |
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| Repeat from the sign () and play to the Fine |
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| Decrescendo or Diminuendo |
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| Indicates where two notes appear at the same time |
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| Increases the length of a note by half its value |
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| Indicates the end of a section |
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| A composition for two performers |
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| Refers to two notes that sound the same and use the same fingering but are written differently |
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| A “study” piece, or an exercise that helps you practice a specific technique |
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| Hold a note or rest longer than its normal duration |
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| The end of a piece of music |
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| Two or more notes played at the same time |
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| Creating music as you play |
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| The distance between two notes |
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| Appears at the beginning of the staff, and indicates which notes will be played sharp or flat |
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| Short, horizontal line used to extend the staff either higher or lower |
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| An articulation or style of playing that is smooth and connected |
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| Indicates more than one full measure of rest; the number above the staff indicates how many measures to rest |
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| Play the previous measure again |
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| A musical idea that ends with a breath |
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| Occurs before the first complete measure of a phrase |
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| Becoming gradually slower |
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| Reference number or letter in a box above the staff |
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| Go back to the beginning and play the piece again |
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| Indicates where to begin repeating the music |
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| Becoming gradually slower |
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| Music in which players start the piece at different times, creating interesting harmonies and accompaniments |
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| A series of notes that ascend or descend stepwise within a key; the lowest and highest notes of the scale are always the same letter name and are an octave apart |
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| A curved line connecting two or more notes; tongue only the first note in a slur |
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| When one person is performing alone or with accompaniment |
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| An articulation or style of playing that is light and separated |
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| Sometimes used instead of a tempo marking to help musicians understand the feeling the composer would like the music to convey |
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| Occurs when there is emphasis on a weak beat |
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| Indicate the speed of music |
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| A compositional technique in which the composer clearly states a melody (theme), then changes it by adding contrasting variations |
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| A curved line that connects two or more notes of the same pitch; the tied notes are played as one longer note with the combined value of both notes |
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| Indicates the number of beats (counts) in each measure and the type of note that receives one beat |
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| Indicates the second line of the staff is G |
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| A composition in which three different parts are played by three performers at the same time |
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| Two or more parts play the same note |
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| A popular dance in () time |
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