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| Crescendo – gradually getting louder |
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| diminuendo or decrescendo – gradually getting softer |
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| Staccato dot – short detached |
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| Ritardando – gradually slowing down |
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| accent mark – play that note louder than other notes. |
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| first note of the scale of each key |
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| first note of the scale of each key |
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| the very next key to the right or left |
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| Sharp – raise the note one half step |
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| # raise the note one half step |
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| barline – divides notes into measures |
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| Slur – play these notes legato or smoothly |
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| incomplete measure at the beginning of a piece |
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