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| Faster tempos were a style of Bebop jazz |
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| Clarinet and rhythm guitar were common in Bebop jazz |
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| Music became less singable in Bebop jazz |
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| There was more emphasis on arrangements in Bebop jazz |
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| Instrument virtuosity was a low priority in Bebop jazz |
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| Bebop jazz was “art music”, didn’t want people to dance to it |
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| TRUE, artsy, not danceable |
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| Bebop jazz used richer chords |
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| Bebop jazz had less chord changes |
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| FALSE, had more chord changes |
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| Drummers played time on the _________ |
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| Bebop jazz had less tension or resolved phrases |
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| FALSE, more tension or unresolved phrases |
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| used to create tension in the song |
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| Who were the main influences to Bebop jazz? |
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Coleman Hawkins
Lester Young
Art Tatum |
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| Where did Bebop jazz’s incubation occur at? |
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Minton’s Playhouse jam sessions
early 1940’s |
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| “Bird” or “The Father of Bebop” |
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| Alto Saxophonist/Composer who had a dry, biting sound |
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| Invented the “Bebop vocabulary” |
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| Extreme speed at which he was able to improvise with creative-double timing |
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| Selected unique, non-traditional notes that fit around the notes in the accompaniment chords |
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| What chord changes did Charlie Parker compose tunes to? |
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12-Bar Blues
Rhythm Changes |
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| Trumpet/Composer that worked with Charlie Parker |
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| Innovative melodic concepts, high-register playing (simultaneously) |
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| Harmonic Skills “Bird’s equal on trumpet” |
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| Weaved in and out of different keys within a single phrase resolving his lines logically to fit a chord change |
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| Band leader for combos, bebop bands, and Afro-Cuban music |
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| The best-known vocalist to come out of the Bebop era |
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| Recorded with Clifford Brown, Dizzy Gillespie, and Tadd Dameron |
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| Loved to embellish the rhythms and pitches of the lyrics |
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| Professional pianist and scat singer |
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| Deep and Dark tone (not like Prez) |
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| Influenced many of the hard bop saxophonists to come after him |
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| Not based on the quality, but can be largely based on the performance practice and in the way it treats the basic elements of music |
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| Popularity of a style of music |
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| Bebop was less Popular than swing |
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| Bebop had less visual appeal than Swing |
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| TRUE, had less visual appeal |
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| Bebop used fewer singers than Swing |
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| Bebop was less complicated and predictable than swing |
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| FALSE, bebop was more complicated and unpredictable |
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| Bebop had shorter improvisations and more written music |
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| FALSE, bebop had longer improvisations and less written music |
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Piano player in Bebop era,
opposite of Art Tatum |
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| Piano playing was blunt, strident |
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Piano player from Bebop era,
played like Art Tatum |
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| Played pretty ballads on Tenor Saxophone, relaxed and airy |
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| Had a softer, lighter, little vibrato, little to no accents |
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| Who was Cool Jazz influenced by? |
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| Bix Beiderbecke, Lester Young, Count Basie |
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| Softer, subdued, introspective |
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| French Horn, Tuba, trombone, Saxophones |
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Avoided stock bebop phrases
Preffered long smooth phrases |
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Alto Saxophone
Cool Jazz era |
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| Influenced by Tristano, while others were influenced by Charlie Parker |
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| ______’s compositions, improvisational approach and tone quality epitomized the Cool genre |
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| Simpler than Tristano’s and less intense than Bebop |
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| Evolved directly form bebop during the ’50s, mainly along East Coast and Midwest musicians |
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| Drummers played with more activity (Art Blakey, Max Roach) |
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| Emphasis on consistent swing |
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Earthy, blues-drenched gospel-like music
(Horace Silver, Cannonball, Lee Morgan) |
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Ran “School of Jazz”
Take young “jazz lions” under wing |
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| Trumpet Player (Hard Bop) |
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| Led a band with drummer Max Roach |
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| Hard driving linear lines with Trumpet |
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Pianist
Hard bop
Funky/Soul Jazz |
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| Hard bop’s most prolific composer |
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| He made his quintet sound larger than they really were |
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Alto saxophonist
Hard bop
Funky/Soul Jazz |
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| Charlie Parker’s Succesor |
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| Was Among the first group of musicians to use Charlie Parker’s alto sax style on tenor saxophone |
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