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| quality of sound or tone color |
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| physical devises put on bell of instrument to distort the sound |
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| unusual sounds for expressive purposes throat growling sounds i.e. wa-wa ya-ya sound |
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| what is major purpose for using timbre? |
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| aka horns, blow air into for sound |
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a.soloists
b.rhythm section |
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a.improvise in the spotlight
b.accompaniment |
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| how to change sound in wind instruments? |
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1. change length of tube
2. blow with more force |
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| shaping and positioning of lips/facial muscles; increases speed of air in a dramatic way |
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| higher pitches caused by secondary vibrations of main sound wave |
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| what instrument uses a mouthpiece? what does this do? |
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| brass i.e. trumpet and cornet; creates a buzz mving the column of air and produce tones |
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| what do brass instruments have instead of holes? |
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| valves; used to control air in the passageway of tubing of various lengths |
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a.harmon mute
b.plunger mute |
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a.hollow mute with hole in center; w/ or w/o tube in center, mainly w/o
b.sink plunger |
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| aka smear; player glides seamlessly from one note to another |
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| mouthpiece b/t lips, i.e clarinet and sax |
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| part of rhythm sect. include vibraphone, organ sythesizer, electric piano, guitar and banjo, most important = piano |
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| pluckig strings with their fingers (common in bass) |
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| one man percussion section w/in rhythm sect.? |
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| drum kit/drum set; bass drum, snare, cymbals footpedals tom-toms |
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| like breathing, aka “breath rhythm” constant and can be sped up or slowed down |
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| classical word for unaccompanied passage of brilliant vituosity |
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| familiar melody speeds up and slows down i.e. “over the rainbow” by Tatum |
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| what are the types of meter? (name 3) |
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duple (most common)- patterns of 2 or 4
triple- groups of 3 i.e. waltz
irregular- i.e. 1-2-3,1-2 |
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| simultaneous use o contrasting rhythms |
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| continuous unchanging patterns |
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| a statement by one musician (call) immediately answered by a counter statement (response) |
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| (jazz slang) what does it mean to have “big ears?” |
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| to be ready to respond at any given moment |
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| strong accent contradicts basic meter |
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| explain ‘groove’ and ‘swing groove’ |
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| grove is combining a stead 4-beat rhythm in bass & cymbal with a backbeat; a swing groove means to divide the main beat in an interesting way |
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| what is the term there really isnt a definition for? |
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| measured by frequency or vibrations/sec |
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| interval seperating each note |
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| major mode vs. minor mode |
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| major- most basic scale in western music; minor- different halfstep/wholestep pattern DIFFERENCE IN 3RD DEGREE SCALE |
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| melodic phrases, short or long |
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| repeated melody; usually short |
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| any melody that repats insistently |
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| series of chords placed in strict rhythmic sequence |
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| what are stable chords called? unstable? |
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| end of a phrase where chord progression rests; half or full |
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| replacing chords with ones they like |
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| what is texture? what are the types? |
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texture = the way it balances the harmony and melody.
types= homophony (supported by harmonic accompaniment) monophony (melody exists on its own) polyphony ( 2+ melodies of equal interest played same time) |
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| different monomphonic texture; series of breaks, 3x a bar or once every bar |
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