| African Methodist Episcopal Church |
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Richard Allen (1794)
*Philadelphia
-preacher/spokesperson
Church as social center (a place to organize once a week at least) |
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Like lecture based on scripture–
-Preaching building intensity
rhythm, volume, repetition |
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handclapping technique for dance (using your body)
(musical adaptation–bodies can’t be taken like drums)
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handclapping and singing in rhyme type of patting juba
Ham Ham Chest Thigh Ham Chest Thigh Ham
(musical adaptation–bodies can’t be taken like drums)
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(continuum)
-Talk: regular speech patterns
-Recitation: regular speech with rhythm and cadence
-Chant: strong rhythm, different pitches
-Song-chant: closer to song without full melody
-Song: melodic contour evident |
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Say the lyrics of the next line before you sing it
-didn’t read/write (learn orally) |
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more than one note per syllable
ex: Detroit, MI
Preacher=soloist
Congregation=choir
call & response
lining out |
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one note per syllable
ex: Amazing Grace Stanley, VA : predominantly white congregation
rhythmically strict |
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African American religious folksongs
-African American solidarity
-social concerns esp. slavery
-“Swing low, Sweet Chariot”
-“Amazing Grace”
-“Wade in the Water”
(keep bloodhounds from tracking you, then go upstream) |
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Holiness Movement (19th c.)
Combination of:
-spirituals
-college and jubilee quartets (doesn’t have to be four people just four parts)
-blues and jazz
-vocal and instrumental improvisation
ex: Charles Tindley: “Stand by Me”
Lucie Campbell: “Something Within Me”
William Brewster: “Move on up a little higher”
Thomas A. Dorsey: “Precious Lord”
– gospel songs called “dorseys” in 1930s
-Charles Tindley-“Stand by me” |
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-sharecropper culture
-AAB form
-improvisation
-call and response
-“formulaic” composition |
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| downhome blues from Mississippi River Delta–deepest or most profound |
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| early blues accompanied by acoustic guitar |
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a solo work song in free and flexible rhythm
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Known as Saint-Domingue or colonial Haiti (1791)-Beginning of Haitian revolution most people were African born being worked to death on plantations
-ends 1804
1*) Second oldest republic in the Americas
-achieves independence before other South American countries
2*) Only country ever founded on a slave revolt
-defeated Napoleon (led him to sell Louisiana Purchase) |
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| Fleeing into the mountains from slave system |
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| Combination of different forms of belief or practice |
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Syncretism in religion
-national religion of Haiti
-Lwa corresponds: Catholicism (Saints-based on category-St. Jude=hopeless causes)
-80-85% practice Vodou
-Vodou is monotheistic religion
God is called “Bondye”
-Lwa are anthropomorphic (having human attributes)
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Get through movies >white people anxiety about black people
-Dolls- stick the pin in dolls (don’t exist in Haiti)
-spiritual/demonic things
-witch doctor (black magic) |
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| guardian of the spirit world (haiti) associated with st. peter in catholoism |
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Haiti: Person who is forced to work against their will, slavery=worst thing
America: The undead, eat people, arms straight out, slow, relentless, contagion
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Manufactured reality
-rules that are not the same in regular or ordinary life (Disney) |
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A lwa
-Powerful spirit, associated with snakes
-St. Patrick
In Haitian, has an affinity with snakes as opposed to ridding the place of snakes |
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A lwa
-Spirit of love and beauty / also childbirth
-Associated with Virgin Mary
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deep form of ritual language that defies direct translation
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syncretic language
-French vocabulary
-African language
-Some English
(different word order than French) |
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Nation or family of spirits based on where they came from in Africa
Rada nanchon: cool, agricultural spirits
Petwo nanchon: hot, aggressive spirits |
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-Flour or cornmeal drawings
-Invites Lwa to ceremony
-drawn in Lwa’s image
-Lwa have special musical rhythms and spacial designs |
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Vodou god
(French: Bon Dreu–good god)
-spirits are intermediaries |
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-a shell
-symbol of mawonaj used to signal people to run away
-people recognize the sounds today and signals them to think someone is in trouble
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| struck piece of metal, plays timeline |
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two or more different rhythms are use simultaneously
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Religious group in India
>temple carvings
>epics
>music mentioned in scripture (Vedas) |
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| A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life |
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A spiritual discipline; a method for perfecting one’s union with the divine.
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love yoga (devine–spiritual love)
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| release from the cycle of rebirth |
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| god Shiva in his form of the cosmic dancer |
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| A Hindu god considered the destroyer of the world |
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| used in chant to connect with the divine |
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-Human form of Vishnu (flirtatious)
one of the most popular gods, the eighth and most important avatar or incarnation of Vishnu
-peacock blue
-flute like cupid fall in love with Krishna
(biggest focus of spiritual yoga)
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| goddess of beauty and charm and she is the consort of Krishna. She will always long for Krishna (cosmic lovers) |
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musical expressive mode or melody type
-has particular notes associated with it, emphasized
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| 9 sentiments–time of day, color, flavor, emotion |
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| fixed time cycle or meter in Indian music, built from uneven groupings of beats |
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| a Hindu or Buddhist religious leader and spiritual teacher |
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| Urdu–North Indian musical master/teacher |
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“sruti” in Sanskrit
-tonal center of composition
-first and fifth notes, sa and pa |
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Sanskrit for drone (layer of south Indian classical music)
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First beat of the TALA or Indian Rhythmic Cycle
(SA RI GA MA PA DA NI SA) |
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| A 16-beat metric cycle (i.e., tala) used in Hindustani raga and other types of North Indian music. |
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| a representation of a Hindu god or goddess in human or animal form |
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| (Hinduism) loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and Nirvana |
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The belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life
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The belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life
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| Principal South Indian drum, barrel-shaped, two-headed, and played with fingers and palms |
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| a great Indian epic poem, reflecting the struggles of the Aryans as they moved south into India |
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A Hindu epic written in Sanskrit that describes the adventures of the king Rama and his queen
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| South Indian plucked chordophone; one of the main melodic instruments in Karnatak music |
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member of the highest Indian caste grouping made up of priests
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Humility or surrender to guru–student should have a humble demeanor
-touching someone’s feet |
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-practice leading to self-realization
-teacher shares what they know selectively |
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| Hindu scriptures where music is mentions |
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musical style school or performance–some hereditary
-student-teacher relationship is reciprocal
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endless practice, quality of student/teacher relationship
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ornament or shake
ornamentation that distinguishes one raga from another
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| singers who record songs for actors |
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| Indians most famous playback singer |
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Indian dance, represents aspect of hinduism, movement becomes still representing passing of time
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| An Indian temple prostitute; dedicated to a god |
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| the expressive use of face or hands characteristic of the kathakali dance style of India |
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| rerecording of one artist’s music by another |
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| musical works or performers who appeal to different types of audience, for example (especially in the United States) by appearing on two or more of the record charts which track differing musical styles or genres |
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| The fusion of elements derived from two different individuals |
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choreographed hand movements used in the rituals of vajrayana buddhism
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| principle south Indian song form, poetry |
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| African American name for the preacher’s traditional half-chanted half-sung sermon delivery |
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| African American song genre in oral tradition, used to accompany work and make the time pass more pleasantly and/or to pace and coordinate work itself |
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| A song form in which successive verses are set to the same melody. Sometimes the words stanza and the verse are used interchangeably. A more technical term is strophe. |
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| initiates to the Vodou church (new members) |
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| A four-string long-necked plucked lute tuned to provide the sruti (drone) |
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| Stressed secondary beat (2,3,ect.) |
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| A portable reed organ the size of a small truck with bellows and Western keyboard |
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| Folk instrument with a single plucked gut string emerging from a clay pot resonator and tied to a wood board. Tension of the string determines the pitch. |
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sea creature that lives in a shell, shell used as horn for slaves to call other slaves to escape
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| movie about Haitian women being pillar of economy |
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| gourd rattle covered in beads |
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