Rhythm
the
interrelaAonship
between
music
and
Ame
form
I,
IV,
V
chords
– AAB
Improvisa9on
A
spontaneous
musical
performance
that
is
created
by
a
performer
without
being
composed
in
advance
blues
a
musical
form
that
uses
three
basic
chords,
usually
in
a
standard
12-­?bar
format
melody
a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying.
harmony
the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce chords and chord progressions having a pleasing effect.
texture
is the way the melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic materials are combined in a composition
timbre
is what makes a particular musical sound different from another,
chord
three or more notes that sound simultaneously
Bar/measure
a notational device that allows for grouping of beats
coda/tag
closing section of a musical form
bridge
is a contrasting section that prepares for the return of the original material section
riff
a repeated chord progression, pattern, or melody, often played by rhythmic instruments
crooner
singer in the pop stycle characterized by a rich resonant voice, wide range , and perfect enunciation/ inotation. traditionally male balad singers
folk song
a song that originates in traditional popular culture or that is written in such a style.
sun records
is an American independent record label founded in Memphis, Tennessee, starting operations on March 27, 1952.[1]
Founded by Sam Phillips, Sun Records was notable for discovering and first recording such influential musicians as Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis and Johnny Cash.
a side b side
. The A-side usually featured the recording that the artist or the record producer or the record company intended to receive the initial promotional effort and then receive radio airplay, hopefully, to become a “hit” record. The B-side (or “flip-side”) is a secondary recording that has a history of its own: some artists, notably Elvis Presley, The Beatles and Oasis, released B-sides that were considered as strong as the A-side and became hits in their own right.
urban folk revival
?
Rhythm & Blues
strong insistent rhythm, personally expressive lyrics, distinct vocal performance style

based on the blues, rarely nottated, improv allowed freeddom, predominant rhythm

Country & Western
yodeling, nasal timbre
steel guitar
deemphasized subdivisions
not notated
simple solos
instrumentation

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from wartime migration to northern industrial sites

tin pan alley
NYC West 28th st (late 1800’s to 1950s)
puiblishers offered contracts to songwriters that coveraed all of their output
multiple pianos playing at the same time resembled a busy kitchen
strict separtion of songwriter and performer
how was music experience before 1950
1920 first radio broadcast so live perfomance mostly, family piano, pop refelccected this lifestyle
sheet music
resemebed mass distribution of other print material

publishing companies buy sheet music

result: industry favors songwriter and publishing company instaead of perfomer

pop style
sentimental and lighthearted, society is settling down and buying homes and starting families
muddy waters
R, hoochie choochie man
jump band
handfulof perfomers that come from a sympahny
Ray Charles
Msuical style – roots in r and jazz, blues and gospel influence, active in the 1950s, no major crossovers til 1959

vocals- gritty unrestraine, emotional, puding rock accompaniment

Efect- wide range of talents, blending of styles, pionerring soul artist, influenced many later artists

sam cooke
influence: soul icon, belending of gneres, extremely political (uncommon), managed himslef(uncommon), smooth version of ray charles
kingston trio
folk band in CA, launched the urban folk revival
surf music
FUN
beach boys
phase 1: inital noterity
phase 2 more sophistication
pahse 3 post 2000
beatles
John Lennon – Rhythm Guitar,
Vocals
! Paul McCartney – Bass, Vocals

! George Martin – Producer
! Brian Epstein – Manager
! Neil Aspinall – Roadie
! Mal Evans – Roadie
! George Harrison – Lead Guitar,
Vocals
! Ringo Starr – Drums, Vocals

Please please me
1st beatels album, recorded in 1 day
alan freed
top 40
Song: Misery
by john lennon for helen shapiro
song: love me do
written by paul, first single, first use of harmonica, “simplicity”
song: within you without you
indian instuments, hindi inspired, writeen by george (only player of indian instruments)
song: lucy in the sky with diamonds
by john, drug reference, unique recording requests
SGT Pepper album
“loose concept album”, cultural revolution bleeds into musical revolution” , recorded over five months
song: a little help from my friends
writeen by paul and john for ringo, rich bass line, recoded after a long session
sam philips
founder of sun records (found elvis)
Louis Jordan
tmpahny 5, influence on chuck berry and james brown
chuck berry
st louis, blues and r&B, very influential,

hits
roll over beethoven, johnny b goode

fats dom;ino
piano! jazz and boogie woogie in new orleans

tunes
aint it a shame, bluberry hill

little richard
piano, 1st hit = tutti frutti, flamboyant wild perfomance
jerry lee lewis
boogie woogie stle, flamboyant, rock n roll vs religion

great balls of fire
whole lotta shakin goin on

bill haley
C&W artist, hybrid, the commets

tunes
rocka around the clock, shake rattle and roll

influence on elvis

buddy holly
C&W background
wrote own songs
atypical appearacne and lifestyle
no biracial influences
texas

style “hiccub with varying timbre with guitar solos”

hits
thatll be the day
peffy sue
maybe baby

wanda jackson
collaborated with elvis, c&W background, no hits

style
powerful energetic rockabilly style

3 1950s trends
mainstream, rockabilly, soft rock
mainstrem rock
connection to r&B, 12 bar blues, not notated, backbeat
rockabilly
white perfomrers with c&w background with r&b style

bill haley, carl perkins, jerry leee lewis, johnny cash

soft rock- doo wop
black artists, talented lead singer with backup ensemble, backups sang nonsense syllables to add rhythmic activity
soft rock – not dooopp?
elvis
brian epstein
beatles manager
george martin
beatles producer
John Lennon
Rhythm guitar beatles
paul mccartney
bass beatles
george harrison
lead guitar beatles
ringo starr
drums beatles
beatles timing
post WWII
advent of rock n roll
new youth market
working class
peter paul and mary
folk, set tones for folk music
new frontier, new generation audience
folk subculture
social awareness
music to “think about”

Puff the magic dragon
if i had a hammer