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| Bridges Hard Bop to Free Form. Leading saxophonist. Joined Miles in 1955. Sacred music. |
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160-1965 – McCoy Tyner: Piano; Elvin Jones: Drums(African pr); Jimmy Garrison: Bass
A Love Supreme – Landmark Album |
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| No structure or form; chords not prescribed. Rhythms not always 4/4; High communication needed |
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| Avant-garde: Free form, play the melody and go “outside”. Melodic and no regular Harmonic form |
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| Avant-garde: Improvisor, played sax, bass clarinet (with Coltrane, Mingus and own group) |
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| Avant-garde: Orchestra leader |
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| Avant-garde: Association for the Advancement of Creative Music – Important avant-garde music collective – Bands include Art Ensemble of Chicago, Anthony Braxton ,Muhal Richard Abrams |
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| Collective interaction, wide range of tone colors, sound structures, Suspension of fixed rhythm |
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| when two different styles are fused together to create a hybrid style that has characteristics of both previous |
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Less melody- more a jam
Rhythm – backbeat; Incorporated Funk: James Brown and Hendrix
Instrument: Electric
Bass line: more important, ostinato, riff
Drums: rock and funk backbeats |
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| John McLaughlin and the Mahavishnu Orchestra |
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Fusion group: 1.Very arranged music – complicated; electric rock guitar sound; odd rhythmic meters
2. Influenced by Indian music |
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Fusin Group: Joe Sawinul(piano/keyboard) & Wayne Shorter’s Band(sax), Jaco Pastorius(great bass player))
Interesting use of musical textures, synthesizer sounds, overlapping instruments |
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| Fusion Group: Return to Forever, usins electric piano, synthesizer(bendable pitch) |
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| Herbie Hancock and the Headhunters |
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| Fusion group: bass riff, many funk musicians |
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| Fusion: open style, different than McLaughlin (guitar: technical and fast) |
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Keith Jaret, Pat Metheny, Gary Burton, Carla Bley
more eclectiv, ethereal sounding music |
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Mid 60s post hard bop legacy with African influences
McCoy Tyner, Freddy Hubbard, Herbie Hancock/Wayne Shorter (before fusion) |
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1. Traditionalist/Mainstream
2. Legacy of 70s Fusion
3. Legacy of 60s avant-garde |
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| Traditionalist/Mainstream |
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1. Repertory movement(Master Works) & Wynton Marsalis
2. Hard bop renaissance and the “Young Lions”
3. Re-issue older recordings on CDS |
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i. Popular music connections (e.g., Rap), electronic jazz
ii. Crossover to world-beat popular music |
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| Legacy of 60s Avant-garde |
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| i. Acoustic, electronic, cross-over to world music cultures |
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Neo-classical school – gredited with resurgance in popularity in the history of jazz since 80s
Artistic director of Jazz at Lincoln Center
Re-created live performances of old jazz – Ellington compositions |
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| Carla Bley(composer), Maria Schneider (composer/arranger). Regina Carter (violin), Jane Ira Bloom (sax), Geri Allen (piano) |
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