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2:1 of pitch or frequency.
3 octaves above 75Hz
1. [75 ? 2 = 150]
2. [150 ? 2 = 300]
3. [300 ? 2 = 600] |
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| List the three transductions of the human ear. |
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| Sound > Vibration > Electro Chemical Nerve Impulses |
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| Earwax acts as ____ from _____. |
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| Protection from loud sounds, bugs, dirt, bacteria. |
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| List the stages of the ear that sound goes through. |
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1. Ear
2. Aural Canal
3. Eardrum – Transducer (Sound > Vibration)
4. Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup (Connects eardrum to cochlea) – Amplifies vibrations
5. Cochlea (Snail thing, center of balance)
6. Cilia (Hairs, Inside of cochlea)
7. Auditory Nerves (Bottom of hairs) – Makes electro chemical nerve impulses. |
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| What is the Eustachian Tube? |
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| A small tube that connects the ear to the back of the throat (yawn to pop years). |
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| Explain tinnitus in acoustics and psychoacoustics. |
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Acoustics – Cilia in cochlea being stimulated so much they break off.
Psychoacoustics – Ringing sound after prolonged exposure to loud sounds. |
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| Ringing out of no where means _____. |
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Listening Level vs. Fan Level
Listening comes on when you turn it down. |
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What is hearing?
What is listening? |
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Hearing – Noticing that a sound is there.
Listening – Focusing, paying attention to sound. |
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| What is the Fletcher-Munson Equal Loudness Principal? |
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| Humans hear mid-range louder than low/high frequencies. |
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| Pulsing (like tuning a guitar). |
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| Explain Spacial Localization/Binaural Hearing |
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| 1. Sound is louder in one ear than the other. 2. Sound reaches one ear sooner than the other. 3. Pinnae – Ridges in ear allow one to hear sound above/below. 4. Acoustic Shadow – Sound is crisper/duller in different ears. |
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2kHz and below _____ ____ a head.
2kHz and above _____ ____ a head. |
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2kHz and below bend around a head.
2kHz and above reflect off a head. |
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| Sound that goes from source to listener’s ear without obstruction or reflection. |
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| What are early reflections? |
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| Sound waves that reflect off primary boundaries of room (wall, ceiling, floor). |
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| Random, blended, multiple echoes |
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| Performed again (not copied and pasted). |
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| What is acoustic isolation? |
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| Sound stays in room and doesn’t leak and vise versa. |
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| Sound is soaked up and not allowed to reflect |
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| What is transmission loss? |
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| The reduction in the sound pressure level (SPL) of a sound source as it passes through an acoustic barrier. |
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| Studio walls are doubled or tripled. Build out 6-12″. |
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| Describe a floating floor. |
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> Concrete
> Plywood
> Shock Absorbing Material (Hockey Pucks)
> Original Floor |
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| What are aspects of a studio construction? |
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1. Build walls out 6-12”
2. Floating Floor
3. Room within a room
4. Ceiling suspended from original ceiling by shock absorbing material |
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| A platform that sits on shock absorbers. |
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| Window – Air Space/Vacuum – Window |
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| Air space between a room. |
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| What are acoustic partitions? |
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| The equal distribution of sound energy throughout a room. |
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What catches high frequencies well?
What catches low frequencies well? |
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High frequencies – Drapes, carpet.
Low frequencies – Bass traps |
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| What is an acoustic echo chamber? |
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| Highly reflective room with a speaker at one end and a microphone at another. |
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