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| Sound that has been converted into binary code, a mathematical code. |
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| Sound in electrical form. |
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| Same as or like the original. |
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| What does a signal processor do? |
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| It changes or modifies a signal. |
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| The path a signal takes from its source to its destination. |
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| Signal or volume level between minimum and maximum. |
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| The appearance of something added to the reproduced audio signal that wasn’t in the original. |
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| Unwanted signal or noise. |
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| Explain the difference between a balanced line and an unbalanced line. |
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A balanced line carries an audio signal with three wires, hot, cold, and ground.
An unbalanced line carries an audio signal with two wire, hot and cold. |
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| Headphones use two __________ lines with a ________ connector. |
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| Headphones use two unbalanced lines with a(n) balanced connector. |
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| How many conductors is a TRS? |
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| What are S/PDIF connectors? |
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| RCA/Phono Connectors (Red and White). |
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| Digital and analog are both _______? |
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| Digital and analog are both electricity. |
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| List mic, line, and speaker from weakest to greatest. |
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| Mic (unpowered), line (unpowered), and speaker (powered). |
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| Describe a speakon connector. |
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| They’re used for speakers only, locks in, idiot proof, carries speaker level. |
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| It transmits performance data, it uses only 3 of its 5 pins, 1 MHz power. |
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| Resistance on an electrical circuit. |
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| How many ? does professional audio run at? |
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| Electric guitars run at how many ?? |
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| It cuts a signal by X amount of dBs, used when a signal’s peaking at the gain’s lowest level to turn it back up. |
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| What is frequency ground hum? |
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| 1/4” unbalanced > DI >__________? |
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| 1/4” unbalanced > DI >XLR (Balanced) |
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| Thru on a DI is like a send for an amp, parallel to XLR. |
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| List four things a DI box does. |
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Sends parallel 1/4” unbalanced from thru.
Converts 8K – 10K ? to 600 ?.
Pad
Ground Lift (Frequency Ground Hum) |
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| List two things a transformer does that a DI box can’t do. |
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It converts an alternating current to a direct current.
It increases or decreases voltage. |
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| A transformer (power block thing on a charger or cable). |
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| Analog line is how many ?? |
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| Analog line is 4K – 6K ?. |
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| Describe AES/EBU digital cord thing. |
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| It looks like an XLR but says digital on it, sends two channels of digital audio, 110 ?. |
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| List the two characters in digital audio. |
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| Digital audio is sent in what kind of wave? |
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| Is RCA consumer or professional? |
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| RCA is consumer, it runs at -10 DBV, B&C (video). |
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0 on the VU meter is #V?
Is it professional or consumer? |
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| S/PDIF runs at how many ?? |
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| It’s hollow, shoots a laser, two channels of digital audio. |
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| Screw in, vintage, has hot, cold, and ground (three separate wires). |
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| What is TT? Balanced or unbalanced? How many ?? |
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| Tiny Telephone. Balanced. 600 ?. |
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Digital – 110 ?
Analog – 600 ? |
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| A variable resistor that controls the flow of electricity from minimum to maximum. |
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| List the three systems. What do they do? |
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| Input – Mic>Line, Line>Line (adjusted).
Output – Buss (Signal combiner and transporter).
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Monitor – Controls the output of the headphones and speaker, independent from the output system. |
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| Panoramic potentiometer, it controls the flow of electricity or signal between the left and right buss outputs. |
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| What does a transducer do? |
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| It changes one form of energy into another. |
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| Vibrations, the displacement of air molecules. |
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| What does the console transduce? |
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| Microphones and speakers are double transducers. |
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| What are the three main types of microphones? |
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| Moving coil, ribbon, and condenser. |
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| What is a moving coil mic? |
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| A dynamic and ribbon mic. It uses a magnet to create electricity. |
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| The time relationship between two or more sound waves or signals at a given point in their cycle. |
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| A sound’s individual unique tonal characteristic.
Fundamentals – The lowest pitch.
Harmonics – Exact multiples.
Overtones (Colortones) – Odd numbered, non-exact multiples. |
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The higher the frequency, the higher the _______ and _______ the sound wave.
The lower the frequency, the lower the _______ and _______ the sound wave. |
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The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch and shorter the sound wave.
The lower the frequency, the lower the pitch and longer the sound wave. |
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| Describe the Fletcher-Munson Equal Loudness Principal. |
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| Humans hear mid range frequencies louder than low and hi frequencies. |
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| Sound that travels directly from its source to its listener’s ear without reflection or obstruction. |
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| What are early reflections? |
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| Sound waves that bounce off the primary boundaries of a room (walls, floor, and ceiling). |
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| The noticeable repeat of direct sound. |
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| Random, blended, multiple echoes. |
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| Sound waves crashing into each other due to parallel surfaces. |
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| RCA/Phono Plugs which are 4K – 6K ?. |
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| Is -10 DBV consumer or professional? |
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| What are the three types of balanced TRS cables? |
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| Is a guitar cable balanced or unbalanced? |
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| What is found near a preamp? |
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| Gain, Phase Reverse, 48V, Pad, Hi Pass. |
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| List four speaker connectors. |
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Speakon
Banana plug
1/4″ unbalanced.
Spade Lug |
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| Transformers have what kind of rod with what type of material wrapped around it? |
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| Transformers have iron rods with iron wire wrapped around it. |
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| Speakers usually run at how many ?? |
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| An access point, in/out, for a channel or a buss. |
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| A place where signal is recorded and stored. |
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| What does attenuate mean? |
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| A strip on a board that signal goes through. |
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| List four things associated with spatial localization/binaural hearing. |
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One ear picks up a sound before than the other ear.
Sound is louder in the ear facing the sound source than the other ear.
Pinnae – The ridges in one’s ears that allow him/her to hear above and below his/herself.
Acoustic Shadow – Sound is crisper in the ear facing the sound source but duller the other ear facing away from the sound source. |
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| What is the speed of electricity? |
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